Tag: Dhul Hijjah

Hajj is the sacred pilgrimage Muslims perform at the holy mosque of Masjid al-Haram in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. It takes place during Dhul Hijjah, which is the twelfth and final month in the Islamic (Hijri) Calendar.

The beginning of Hajj starts on the starts the 8th of Dhul Hijjah. It then ends on the 12th or 13th of Dhul Hijjah, depending on the sighting of the moon. In 2025, this period is expected to fall between Wednesday, June 4, 2025, and Monday, June 9, 2025.

What is Hajj?

Hajj is one of the five pillars of Islam, alongside Shahada (profession of faith), Salah (prayer), Zakat (almsgiving) and Sawm (fasting).

As such, undertaking Hajj holds great importance in Islam. It is a spiritual duty. Every Muslim is required to perform it at least once in their lifetime, so long as they have the means. This includes being not only financially able, but also physically and emotionally.

The Significance of Hajj 

In the Holy Qur’an, Allah (SWT) commands Muslims to take this sacred journey: 

You will enter the Sacred Masjid, God willing, perfectly secure, and you will cut your hair or shorten it (as you fulfil the pilgrimage rituals) there. You will not have any fear. Since He knew what you did not know, He has coupled this with an immediate victory.

Qur’an 48:27 

Hajj also occurs in Dhul Hijjah during its first ten days, one of the most sacred periods of the entire Islamic calendar.  

As such, performing the pilgrimage offers Muslims the opportunity to refresh their spiritual selves. To cleanse themselves of their sins and draw closer to Allah (SWT). 

How Long Does Hajj Last? 

The pilgrimage is performed over five to six days, from the 8th to the 12th or 13th of Dhul Hijjah. The Day of Arafah (9^th Dhul Hijjah) and Eid Al-Adha (10^th Dhul Hijjah) also fall between these days.  

The pilgrimage includes a series of rites and rituals, some of which must be performed in order. It can be physically demanding, as pilgrims are required to travel between locations throughout. On average, one can expect to walk between 5km to 15km per day.  

Performing Hajj is a test of patience and temperament. It is a spiritual, emotional, and physical challenge and can take some preparation. That is why, for many, it is often a once-in-a-lifetime event. 

When Does Hajj Occur?

Hajj takes place between the 8th and the 12th or 13th of Dhul Hijjah each Islamic year, depending on the sighting of the moon.

Dates in the Islamic calendar appear to shift forward approximately 11-12 days as it corresponds to the Gregorian calendar, as the Islamic Calendar operates on the lunar cycle.

This year, the Hajj period is expected to fall between Wednesday, June 4, 2025, and Monday, June 9, 2025.

While Muslims are only required to perform Hajj at least once in their lifetimes, it can be performed multiple times, so long as they fall within the set dates. You can also perform Umrah, a voluntary pilgrimage to Makkah taken at any time of the year.

Where Does Hajj Take Place?

Hajj is performed in Makkah (also referred to as Mecca) in Saudi Arabia. The pilgrimage consists of a series of rites and rituals across five to six days and is performed across several locations within the vicinity of Makkah.

These locations include:

• The city of Makkah
• The tent settlement of Mina
• Mount ‘Arafah
• Muzdalifah

Who Is Excluded from Hajj? 

It is required of every Muslim to perform Hajj at least once in their lifetime. However, the Hajj is not intended as a burden upon Muslims. Muslims are only required to perform Hajj so long as it is within their capacity. 

Those who are exempt from Hajj are the following: 

• Children. While they may go to Hajj, only Muslim adults (male or female) are required to perform Hajj. 
• Very weak, sick, elderly, or otherwise physically incapable Muslims. 
• Muslims who are financially unable to perform Hajj. However, if one is in debt, they may still perform Hajj if the person they owe money to permits it, they have time to pay off the debt and Hajj does not affect their ability to pay it.  

Brief History of Hajj 

In 628 CE, the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) and the early Muslims embarked on the first Islamic Pilgrimage (Hajj), re-establishing the traditions started by the Prophet Ibrahim (AS), who first began the tradition of Hajj millennia before. 

The Story of Hajar (AS) and Ismail (AS)  

The story of Hajj begins with Prophet Ibrahim (AS) receiving a commandment from Allah (SWT). Allah (SWT) orders Prophet Ibrahim (AS) to travel to the barren desert of Makkah and leave his wife Hajar and infant son Ismail (AS). Despite the trials ahead, the family trusted in the Divine Wisdom of Allah (SWT) and set out to follow His commandment.

While in the desert, Hajar (AS) and Ismail (AS) quickly ran out of resources. In a desperate effort to find water, Hajar (AS) ran between the two neighbouring hills of Safa and Marwa in search of someone who could help or nearby water. She did this seven times, only to return to a crying Ismail (AS) empty-handed. 

As the infant Ismail (AS) cried, he struck the ground with his leg and a stream of water burst forth at the commandment of Allah (SWT). This stream of water relieved the mother and son of their thirst and became a resource with which they traded for provisions of all kinds with travelling merchants. This stream of water is known today as the Well of Zam Zam. 

Years later, Allah (SWT) commanded Ibrahim (AS) to return to his family, where he found the miracle of his family alive and indeed thriving. A barren desert that had started with only Hajar and Ismail (AS) was now transforming into a thriving settlement that would become known as Makkah. 

Allah (SWT) then instructed Ibrahim (AS) to mark the space for a stone structure. This would be known as the Kaaba, which Ibrahim (AS) built with his son Ismail (AS).  

The Significance of the Kaaba and Masjid al-Haram

The space surrounding the Kaaba was created for worshippers of the one God to gather. In fact, the Kaaba simply marks the spot where Muslims unite. It is not something that is worshipped, as idolatry is prohibited in Islam. 

Over time, the Kaaba would be taken over by pagan Arabs, who filled it with idols. However, thousands of years later, when the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) was given revelation and the final message of Tawheed (monotheism), he was instructed to reinstate Ibrahim’s (AS) sacred tradition – the sacred pilgrimage we know as Hajj today. 

Frequently Asked Questions 

• What does Hajj mean?

  The word Hajj, in Arabic, means ‘to intend a journey’. 

• How many days is Hajj?

  The pilgrimage is performed over five to six days, from the 8th to the 12th or 13th of Dhul Hijjah. The Day of Arafah (9^th Dhul Hijjah) and Eid Al-Adha (10^th Dhul Hijjah) also fall between these days. 

• Who is excused from Hajj?

  Those excused from Hajj are children (however, they can accompany their parents) the very weak, sick, elderly, or otherwise physically incapable and those who would be financially burdened if they make the pilgrimage.

Qurban (or Udhiyah) is an act of worship most beloved to Allah (SWT) in the days of Sacrifice. These are the days of Eid Al-Adha, which include days of Tashreeq (11th, 12th and 13th of Dhul Hijjah). Therefore, it is important to provide the best possible offering for sacrifice during this sacred period. 

Islamic Relief Worldwide’s Quality Assured Qurban program upholds the Core Humanitarian Standard and Shariah compliance throughout its entire process. Used by all members of the Islamic Relief network, including Islamic Relief Australia, it ensures rightsholders receive quality, halal (permissible) and Tayyib (healthy, pure) Qurban meat.

With this program, Islamic Relief meets the needs of rightsholders. It also upholds the rules of Qurban, by ensuring Shariah compliance, regulatory standards and animal welfare standards.

Here are 6 reasons why giving Qurban with us means giving the best possible offering this Eid Al-Adha.

1. Specialised local team

One of our strengths is being close to our rightsholders. In every country where Islamic Relief distributes aid, we have field offices that allow us to be present on the ground. So we can act swiftly during times of crisis. We have dedicated staff employed in these countries who understand the local community. Often, especially during disasters, they also face the same struggles they do. This enables our teams to provide our rightsholders with the best possible support. And deliver this support with cultural sensitivity and care. 

2. Meeting the needs of rightsholders.

For all our projects, our field teams conduct a comprehensive needs assessment, collaborating with rightsholders, community leaders, and local authorities. This assessment helps identify and prioritise the most vulnerable individuals or groups. We also coordinate with other organisations involved in Qurban distribution to avoid duplication. It also ensures that our interventions reach underserved areas effectively. 

The Qurban meat is transported in refrigerated trucks with a maintained cold chain until it reaches our rightholders. 

3. Upholding the rules of Qurban

Prior to slaughter, our livestock undergo rigorous inspections to ensure compliance with both veterinary and Shariah standards. These inspections guarantee that the animals meet the requirements for Qurbani according to Shariah principles. In turn, the inspection also ensures the resulting meat is of excellent quality and safe for human consumption. 

Our approach for the Qurbani project is adaptable and tailored to the specific needs of each location. We prioritise collaboration with regulated slaughterhouses that uphold strict machinery and hygiene standards. Thus, ensuring the freshness and safety of the meat.

In the absence of regulated slaughterhouses, we adopt a community-led approach where trained volunteers and butchers actively engage the entire community under the close supervision of Islamic Relief staff.  

To maximise the impact and serve a greater number of households, our preference is to select larger animals for Qurbani, taking into consideration their availability in each country. This approach leads to a higher meat yield, allowing more households to receive Qurbani meat packs and benefit from our distribution efforts. 

4. Upholding Shariah compliance, regulatory standards and animal welfare with care and respect.

We prioritise adhering to the Core Humanitarian Standard and Shariah compliance throughout the entire Qurbani process. They conduct thorough inspections of the livestock and oversee the slaughter process. Our focus is to ensure the use of high-quality livestock suitable for this religious act, with supervision from veterinary doctors, local Imams, Ministry of Religious Affairs, Ulama, and other religious authorities.  

We maintain the well-being of the livestock and strictly follow best practices and compliance guidelines. Furthermore, we store the meat in refrigerators or transport it in refrigerated vehicles, adhering to local hygiene and food safety regulations. This commitment guarantees that the Qurbani process is conducted with care and respect, upholding religious and regulatory standards.

5. Ensuring minimal waste, and safe delivery of Qurbani to rights-holders in a timely manner.

Our dedicated staff members complete Islamic Relief Qurbani checklist declarations to ensure adherence to all Qurbani requirements. Waste disposal is carried out responsibly, following local regulations. In countries where all parts of the animal are consumed, such as offal and skin, waste is minimised. In other countries where only specific organs and meat are consumed, waste materials are appropriately disposed of either at the slaughterhouse or buried in designated community slaughter sites. 

To maintain efficiency and meet deadlines, we closely monitor the number of Qurbanis and the capacity of each field office. We establish contractual agreements with suppliers to accommodate any unexpected increase in Qurbani orders. With over 38 years of experience in conducting Qurbani, Islamic Relief Worldwide has cultivated strong relationships with local communities and suppliers, enabling us to fulfil Qurbanis promptly and efficiently. 

The Qurbani meat is transported in refrigerated trucks with a maintained cold chain until it reaches our rightsholders. 

6. Providing a high-quality service to our rightsholders.

Islamic Relief’s Qurbani prices may be slightly higher than those of other organisations, but this is because we prioritise providing a high-quality service to our right holders. We go the extra mile by purchasing healthy animals that yield more meat for our right holders.

For instance, in countries like Iraq, the cows we purchase have an average weight of 480kg, surpassing the weight of cows selected by our competitors. We strongly believe in investing in various components of the Qurbani project to ensure its effectiveness. This includes conducting needs assessments, collaborating with local authorities, sourcing higher-spec livestock, and implementing rigorous monitoring, evaluation, accountability, and learning (MEAL) processes. These additional efforts are reflected in our prices as they contribute to reaching the most vulnerable rightholders in the most effective way possible.

Our commitment is to serve right holders with dignity and respect, while also considering the well-being of the environment. When it comes to slaughter practices, we ensure that they are conducted in appropriate sites with proper drainage and waste disposal systems, avoiding the issue of leaving waste unattended. 

Eid al-Adha is one of the two blessed celebrations Muslims obverse, the other being Eid al-Fitr. There are many observances unique to Eid Al-Adha (and Dhul Hijjah in general), including Qurban.

This year, Eid Al Adha 2025 is expected to fall on Friday, June 6, 2025, depending on the sighting of the moon.

What is Eid Al-Adha?

Eid al-Adha (meaning “festival of sacrifice”) is an Islamic celebration occurring in Dhul Hijjah, the twelfth and final month of the Islamic (Hijri) Calendar. Depending on the country and lunar cycle for the year, the celebration can last two to four days.

The Eid of Sacrifice commemorates the ultimate act of sacrifice performed by our beloved Prophet Ibrahim (AS). The submission he made in his willingness to give up what he loved most, his son, Ismail (AS), for the sake of Allah (SWT). 

As such, Muslims, in turn, also offer a sacrifice, known as Qurban, on this day of celebration.

What is Qurban?

Qurban (also known as Qurbani or Udhiyah) means sacrifice. It is an act of worship unique to Eid al-Adha, commemorating the sacrifice Prophet Ibrahim (AS) made to Allah (SWT).

Following the Eid prayer on the first day of celebration, Muslims around the world slaughter an animal – typically a sheep, goat, camel or cow. The sacrificed animal is then divided into three equal portions. One-third shared goes to the needy, one-third goes to relatives and neighbours, and the remainder Muslims keep for their own families. 

Who should give Qurban?

Qurban is an important act of worship that every Muslim who has reached the age of puberty should do if they can afford it. Typically, Muslims who are eligible for Zakat should also give Qurban.

When should I give my Qurban?

It is best practice to purchase your Qurban as early as possible so that it can be performed on time. While one can carry out the sacrifice on any day of Eid al-Adha (from the 10th to the 13th of Dhul Hijjah), performing it on the first day is Sunnah.

The Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) used to carry out the sacrifice immediately after the Eid prayer. In turn, his first meal on the day of Eid was meat from the sacrifice. 

Other Observances of Eid Al-Adha

As with any festival and important occasion, we follow the example of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). There are various Sunnah acts of worship you can do on the day of Eid. These include performing ghusl, wearing one’s best clothes, reciting takbeer and offering Eid greetings.

Similar to Eid al-Fitr, Eid prayer is also an important part of Eid al-Adha. Attending the Eid prayer and walking to the Eid prayer are also Sunan of the Prophet (ﷺ).

Why donate your Qurban to Islamic Relief?

When you donate your Qurban to Islamic Relief, we prioritise providing meat to the most vulnerable families across the world during the Holy season. 

Our international teams work hard to get your donation to the hardest-to-reach regions and conflict-affected areas, including Myanmar, Palestine, and Yemen. 

Meat is sourced locally to support the local economy and distributed fresh. All logistics—from sacrifice to transportation—are handled in accordance with Islamic principles and with the best hygienic practices possible. Each pack contains 2-5 kilograms of meat and feeds a family of approximately 4-8 people.

Donate Qurban now and make your sacrifice. 

Five Pillars of Islam are core obligations that serve as a guide for every Muslim. Ones that nurtures their spiritual growth, self-discipline and devotion to Allah (SWT). 

Together, these pillars form the foundation of Islamic belief and practice. It unites Muslims around the world in a shared commitment to the deen (faith).

What are the 5 pillars of Islam?

The five pillars of Islam include: Shahada (faith), Salah (prayer), Zakat (almsgiving), Sawm (fasting), and Hajj (pilgrimage).

Shahada (Faith)

The Shahada is the first and most fundamental pillar of Islam, serving as the very foundation of a Muslim’s faith. This is the declaration of faith in one God (Allah) and His messenger (ﷺ).

Ash-hadu an la ilaha illa Allah, Wa ash-hadu anna Muhammadan Rasulu-Allah

أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وأشهد أن محمدًا رسول الله

“I bear witness that there is no god but God, and I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of God”

This testimony affirms the core belief of Tawheed (the oneness of God), rejecting any association of partners with Him. It also acknowledges Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) as the final messenger of Allah (SWT). As his legacy is one that follows a long line of prophets sent to guide humanity.

Salah (Prayer)

Salah is the second pillar of Islam and a fundamental act of worship. This is the ritual prayer every Muslim must perform five times a day (at fixed times) throughout their lifetime. It establishes a direct and personal connection between a Muslim and Allah (SWT).

The prescribed times for Salah are:

1. Fajr – Before dawn
2. Dhuhr – After midday
3. Asr – Afternoon
4. Maghrib – Just after sunset
5. Isha – Night

These prayers are a constant reminder of a Muslim’s faith, reinforcing discipline, humbleness, and mindfulness of Allah (SWT) throughout the day.

Zakat (Almsgiving)

Zakat, the third pillar of Islam, purifies a Muslim’s wealth and soul. It is an obligatory form of charity that requires Muslims who are of age, sound mind, and meet the Nisab (minimum wealth threshold) to give 2.5% of their savings annually to those in need.

The Quran outlines eight eligible recipients, as stated in Surah At-Tawbah, in this verse (ayat).

Alms-tax is only for the poor and the needy, for those employed to administer it, for those whose hearts are attracted ˹to the faith˺, for ˹freeing˺ slaves, for those in debt, for Allah’s cause, and for ˹needy˺ travellers. ˹This is˺ an obligation from Allah. And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.

Quran 9:60

By fulfilling Zakat, Muslims uphold social responsibility and deepen their faith, ensuring that wealth benefits the entire community.

Sawm (Fasting)

Sawm, the fourth pillar of Islam, is a compulsory act of worship observed during Ramadan. It requires Muslims to abstain from food, drink, and other physical needs from dawn (Fajr) to sunset (Maghrib). As the blessed month of Ramadan is a time of spiritual purification, self-discipline, and devotion to Allah (SWT).

Key aspects of fasting include suhoor, the meal eaten before fajr prayer, and iftar, breaking the fast at sunset.

Every Muslim who are of age (i.e. has reached puberty) must fast during Ramadan. But there are also exemptions, such as those who are sick, elderly, travellers, and others with valid reasons (such as pregnancy or menstruation). However, they must also make up their fast once able to, if possible. If not, then they should pay compensation, called fidya, to the needy.

Beyond Ramadan, voluntary fasting on special days, such as Mondays and Thursdays or the Day of Arafah, is encouraged for extra rewards.

Hajj (Pilgrimage)

Hajj, the fifth and final pillar of Islam, is the sacred pilgrimage to Makkah (Mecca). It is required once in a lifetime for Muslims who are physically and financially able.

Taking place in Dhul Hijjah, it symbolises submission to Allah (SWT) and unity among believers. Key aspects of hajj include:

• Ihram – Entering a state of purity and wearing simple white garments.
• Tawaf – Circling the Kaaba seven times in devotion.
• Sa’i – Walking between Safa and Marwah, honoring Hajar’s struggle.
• Arafah – The most significant day, spent in deep prayer and repentance.
• Rami al-Jamarat – Stoning the pillars representing Shaytan.
• Qurban – Sacrificing an animal in remembrance of Prophet Ibrahim (AS).

What do the 5 pillars of Islam mean?

Overall, the five pillars of Islam are Shahada, Salah, Zakat, Sawm, and Hajj. They are the five key practices that all Muslims are obligated to fulfil throughout their lifetime. These practices are referred to as pillars because they form the foundation of Muslim life.

Why are the five pillars of Islam important?

Each of the five pillars works in tandem with one another to bring the essence of Islam into the lives of every Muslim:

Monotheism and the belief in Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) as the last messenger of God is the central tenet of Islam around which everything else revolves. Thus, reciting the Shahada (shahadah) in prayer each day serves to remind Muslims of this integral belief.

Salah (salat) occurs five times a day. This, hence, offers five different opportunities for remembrance of Allah (SWT) and our purpose in this life to worship Him.

The month of Ramadan requires every Muslim to abstain from their most basic needs and desires, like food, drink and physical relations for a period of time each day. Every year, the Sawm (fasting) gives Muslims the opportunity to gather control over their human needs. Without these distractions, Muslims can instead nurture good conduct and their connection to Allah (SWT).

While Sadaqah (charity) is greatly encouraged to be a part of everyday Muslim life, it is obligatory to offer Zakat (alms) once a year. This ensures that wealth is continuously redistributed to those who are in need of it.

During the Hajj (pilgrimage), Muslims must each wear the same simple garments and perform the same ritual acts of devotion to Allah. Stripped of worldly distinction, people are reminded that all are equal before God.

Knowing the Key Facts about the Five Pillars of Islam

The Five Pillars of Islam form the foundation of a Muslim’s faith and practice, guiding their spiritual and daily lives. While these obligations are essential, Islam also recognises individual circumstances, offering exemptions and alternatives for those unable to fulfil certain pillars due to health, financial, or other valid reasons.

By embracing these pillars, Muslims strengthen their connection with Allah (SWT), helping build a just and compassionate society.

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, “(Allah said), ‘Every good deed of Adam’s son is for him except fasting; it is for Me. and I shall reward (the fasting person) for it.’ Verily, the smell of the mouth of a fasting person is better to Allah than the smell of musk.” 

Sahih al-Bukhari 

Fasting (Sawm) is an important pillar of Islam. It’s a beloved act of worship, as it shows our gratitude towards Allah (SWT) for the provisions he’s given us.  

Most of us know fasting is mandatory during Ramadan. But did you know there are other times when it’s highly recommended?  

There are additional days in the year when it’s encouraged to fast. An opportunity to gain extra reward for following the Sunnah, the actions and words of our Prophet (ﷺ).  

There are also days when we cannot fast, as it is haram (forbidden) or makruh (extremely disliked) to do so. 

Hence, it’s important to know which days we can fast to prepare for them in advance. 

Days of Fasting Outside of Ramadan 

There are several days in the Islamic Calendar when it’s sunnah (highly recommended) to fast. As the Hijri year follows the moon’s cycle, the dates of these days on the conventional Western calendar change every year.  

Mondays and Thursdays  

The Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) would fast on Mondays and Thursdays. The reasons for why can be found in several ahadith.  

“O Messenger of Allah, why do you fast on Mondays and Thursdays?” He (ﷺ) said: “On Mondays and Thursdays Allah forgives every Muslim except two who have forsaken one another.”

Sunan Ibn Majah

“The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “The deeds are presented on Monday and Thursday. Thus, I love for my deeds to be presented while I am fasting.” 

Tirmidhi

The Prophet (ﷺ) was asked about fasting on Monday. The Prophet said, “That is the day I was born and the day I was sent with revelation.”

 Sahih Muslim

There are also several health benefits that come with fasting two times a week. These include, but are not limited to, reduced levels of total cholesterol and lowered risk factors for heart disease.  

Six Days in Shawwal  

Shawwal is the 10th Islamic month. It is the month that follows Ramadan, as the first of Shawwal is Eid al-Fitr.

The rewards for fasting six days in Shawwal alongside Ramadan are great – as if one has fasted for the entire year!

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “Whoever fasts the month of Ramadan and then follows it with six days of fasting in the month of Shawwal, it will be as if he has fasted for the entire year.”

 Sahih Muslim

These six days can be spread out throughout the month. It also does not have to be consecutive days.  

The only day of Shawwal you are not allowed to fast is Eid al-Fitr. This is because it is forbidden to fast on the days of Eid.  

“The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade fasting on the Day of Fitr and the Day of Adha.” 

Sunan Ibn Majah

First 9 Days of Dhul Hijjah, Especially Arafah

Dhul Hijjah is the twelfth and final month of the Islamic Calendar. The first ten days of the month are extremely blessed, for “there are no days during which righteous deeds are more beloved to Allah than these days.” (Sunan Ibn Majah)

One of the best deeds to do is to fast. Hence, on the first 9 days (as one cannot fast on Eid Al-Adha) it is recommended for us to fast, alongside doing other good deeds, such as reading Qur’an, making dhikr, giving charity and performing nafl (voluntary) prayers.

Fasting in Dhul Hijjah is also sunnah, as the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to fast the month’s first nine days. (Sunan Abi Dawud) 

He (ﷺ) especially encouraged it on the Day of Arafah, the 9th of Dhul Hijjah. It is also the most blessed day of the year. This is because fasting on the day of Arafah “will expiate the sins of the previous and upcoming years.” (Sahih Muslim)

However, for those going on Hajj, it is fine for them to leave the sunnah fast of Arafah.

One of the companions of the Prophet (ﷺ), Ibn Umar, noted that, while performing the pilgrimage, the Prophet (ﷺ) did not fast during Arafat.

In turn, some of the closest companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) – Abu Bakr, Umar and Uthman (may peace be upon them all) – also did not fast on Arafat while on Hajj. (Tirmidhi)  

Hence, fasting on the first 9 days of Dhul Hijjah, especially on Arafah, is a highly recommended act for those not on Hajj.

Ashura (and the Day Before or After it)  

Ashura occurs on the 10th of Muharram, the first Islamic month. It is a blessed day that commemorates several significant events in Islamic history.  

The origins of fasting on Ashura have been documented in this hadith collected by Al-Bukhari and Muslim and reported by Ibn ‘Abbas (RA). The narration goes as follows:  

The Prophet (ﷺ) observed the Jewish people fasting on this day and asked why they did so. The Jews replied that this was the day Allah (SWT) granted victory to Musa (AS) and Bani Isra’il over Fir’aun (Pharaoh). Thus, they fasted on this day out of respect.  

The Prophet (ﷺ) then said, “We are closer to Musa (AS) than you,” and enjoined in fasting on that day.  

There are also great blessings for fasting on Ashura. When asked about fasting on the 10th of Muharram, the Prophet (ﷺ) said, “It will expiate the sins of the past year.” (Sahih Muslim)

It is also recommended to fast the day before Ashura (9th Muharram). Ibn ‘Abbas (RA) reported:

“When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) fasted on the day of ‘Ashura and told the people to fast, they said, “O Messenger of Allah, this is a day that is venerated by the Jews and Christians.” The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “Next year, if Allah wills, we will fast on the ninth day.” But by the time the following year came, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had passed away.   

Sahih Muslim

Thus, to differentiate Muslims from other religions (who also celebrated this day), the Prophet (ﷺ) instructed us to fast on the 9th and 10th of Muharram.   

If one fears they may miss Ashura because of the difference in moon sighting, then scholars also permit fasting on the 10th and 11th of Muharram.   

Most of Sha’ban  

As the 8th Islamic month, Sha’ban is the month before Ramadan. The Prophet fasted for the majority of this month, with accounts of it recorded in several ahadith. This includes a hadith where ‘Aisha (RA) said:

“The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) would fast until we said he will never break his fast, and he would not fast until we said he would never fast. I did not see the Prophet complete an entire month of fasting except for Ramadan, and I did not see him complete more voluntary fasts than in the month of Sha’ban.”

Bukhari and Muslim

In another hadith, ‘Aisha (RA) also said, “The most beloved month to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) for fasting was Sha’ban, then he would connect it with Ramadan.” (Sunan Abi Dawud)

Exceptions to Fasting in Sha’ban 

In a hadith collected by Al-Bukhari and Muslim, ‘Aisha (RA) also reported that the Prophet (ﷺ) observed fasting during the whole month of Sha’ban except for a few days. 

Abu Hurayrah (RA) similarly mentioned that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

“Do not anticipate Ramadan by fasting one or two days before it begins, but if a man habitually fasts, then let him fast.” 

Sahih Muslim

Abu Hurayrah (RA) also reported that the Prophet (ﷺ) said to not fast if Sha’ban is half over. (Tirmidhi)  

The exception to this would be someone who fasted regularly, such as the Prophet (ﷺ) and many of his companions. Thus, if you are someone who regularly observes the sunnah fast, then you may still observe them in the second half of Sha’ban.  

It is also permissible to make up a Ramadan fast at this time, if necessary. ‘Aisha (RA), one of the wives of the Prophet (ﷺ), herself would make up her fast in Sha’ban. Regarding this, she said, “I had to make up some fasts I missed during the month of Ramadan, but I was unable to do so until the month of Sha’ban as I was busy with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ).” (Bukhari and Muslim)

The White Days  

The white days are the 13th, 14th and 15th of each Islamic month. They are called White Days (Ayam al Beedh) as the moon is most lit on these nights.  

Qatadah Ibn Malhan al-Qaysi said that the Prophet (ﷺ) used to command them to fast the days of the White (nights). He (ﷺ) said that to fast these days “is like keeping perpetual fast.” (Sunan Abi Dawud)

In another hadith, Jarir bin ‘Abdullah recalled that the Prophet (ﷺ) said:

“Fasting three days of each month is fasting for a lifetime, and the shining days of Al-Bid, the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth.”

Sunan An-Nasai  

Are There Days Muslims Cannot Fast? 

Generally, most days of the year should be okay for you to fast. The exceptions are the two days of Eid and the days of Tashreeq. It is also severely disliked for one to fast on Fridays, Saturdays and towards the end of Sha’ban unless it falls on a day they regularly fast.  

Days of Celebration 

As mentioned before, it is forbidden to fast on Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha. These Islamic celebrations have been designated for us to enjoy and feast with loved ones. 

Similarly, it is also forbidden to fast on the days of Tashreeq, three days after Eid al-Adha. This is because these are “days of eating, drinking and remembering Allah.” (Sahih Muslim) 

However, there is an exception. In one hadith, ‘Aisha (RA) and Ibn ‘Umar (RA) reported:

“No concession was granted allowing anyone to fast on the days of al-Tashreeq, except for the (pilgrim) who could not find a sacrificial animal.” 

Al-Bukhari

Hence, those on Hajj who are unable to perform the sacrifice for Eid Al-Adha are permitted to fast on the days of Tashreeq.  

Fridays and Saturdays 

It is severely disliked to fast on Friday alone. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, “No one of you should fast on Friday, unless he fasts (a day) before it or after it.” (Sahih Al Bukhari)  

This is because Friday (called Jumuah or Jummah in Arabic) is a dedicated day of worship. As fasting can make one easily tired, it may prevent them from making the most of Jumuah.  

Similarly, it is also discouraged to fast on a Saturday. The Prophet (ﷺ) said:

“Do not fast on Saturday except for what has been made obligatory upon you (by Allah). If one of you does not find but a grape peal or a tree’s twig, then let him chew it.” 

Sunan Abi Dawud

Fasting on Saturday may also cause one to resemble the practice of the Jewish people, as they observe Saturday as a day of rest.  Another reason why the Prophet (ﷺ) advised against it unless fasting was necessary.

Exceptions to Avoiding Fasting on Friday or Saturday 

Obviously, one must fast on Friday and Saturday if it falls in the month of Ramadan. It is also permissible to fast on these days if it happens to fall on a day when it is sunnah to fast, such as Arafah, Ashura or one of the White Days. 

You may also make up a fast from Ramadan on Friday or Saturday if this is the only time you can fast. But it is better to combine it with another day if you can.  

Differences between Voluntary Fasting and Fasting in Ramadan

The rulings on what breaks a fast outside of Ramadan and during Ramadan are the same. However, there are two key differences. 

When to Make the Intention  

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, “Whoever does not have the intention to fast before dawn, there is no fasting for him.” 

According to At-Tirmidhi, the hadith specifically refers to fasting in Ramadan. The fast is invalid if the intention is not made before sunrise in Ramadan. This also extends to when one is making up a Ramadan fast or fasting for a vow.  

However, for voluntary fasting, it is permissible to make an intention after morning, in the opinion of Al-Shafi’i, Ahmad, and Ishaq. 

Leaving the Fast 

During Ramadan, you must remain fasting from dawn to dusk. Even if you have a valid excuse to break it, you must make up the full day you missed outside of Ramadan. Or, if you are unable to fast, pay compensation (fidyah) for it.  

However, for a voluntary fast, you can break the fast if you wish without sin. As it is voluntary, you don’t need to make up the fast later or pay compensation if you miss it.  

There was a time when the Prophet (ﷺ) received an invitation to a feast (outside of Ramadan) but one of the companions was fasting. The Prophet (ﷺ) then requested,

“Your brother has invited you and incurred expenses on your behalf, break your fast and fast another day in its place if you wish.”

Ahmad

 

May Your Sunnah Fasting Be Accepted by Allah (SWT) 

All in all, there are several specific voluntary fasts recommended for Muslims to do outside of Ramadan. These are:  

• Mondays and Thursdays 
• Six days in Shawwal (except Eid Al-Fitr) 
• First 9 days of Dhul Hijjah (especially the 9th, Arafah) 
• Ashura (10th Muharram) – if possible, combined with either the 9th or 11th Muharram 
• Most of Shaban 
• The White Days (13th, 14th and 15th of each Islamic month)

If we can fast continually during Ramadan, then we already have the mental mindset to fast some or even all these voluntary days.  

In this new Hijri year, let us make the intention to perform as many of these fast as possible! May Allah (SWT) grant us the strength to observe these days and accept our fasts, ameen! 

Thank you for supporting our Qurban Program for Dhul Hijjah 2024!

During Eid Al-Adha, you helped Islamic Relief provide food to 2,824,393 people. By supporting our annual Qurban distributions, you brought relief to many affected by the world’s worst hunger crises and are on the verge of famine.   

Eid al-Adha falls in Dhul Hijjah, the twelfth and final month of the Islamic (Hijri) Calendar. It involves the tradition of Qurban. An act of worship where Muslims perform a sacrificial slaughter of an animal – traditionally goats, sheep, cows or camels. This action reflects upon the Prophet Ibrahim (AS)’s willingness to sacrifice his son Ismail for the sake of Allah (SWT).

Following the sacrifice, the meat is then distributed to people in need. For many, it is also the only meat they will get to eat this year.

Where Islamic Relief Distributed Its Qurban Programs for 2024

Islamic Relief’s Qurban distributions this year took place in 27 countries. These include Sudan, Afghanistan, Niger, Bangladesh, Kenya, Pakistan and many more.  

• In Sudan, more than a year of brutal conflict has left the country on the verge of famine. Farmers have been unable to plant and harvest crops and markets have been looted. Islamic Relief distributed Qurban fresh meat packs to help 80,000 people there.  
• In Gaza, Israel’s ongoing attacks and restrictions on aid mean children and elderly people are starving to death. Islamic Relief’s team and partners in Gaza distributed thousands of meat packs, in addition to our ongoing daily distributions of cooked meals for tens of thousands of families.  
• Some of the biggest Qurban distributions this year were in Mali and Niger, which are among the world’s most neglected crises, with rising numbers of children suffering from malnutrition. This year, we distributed more than 75,000 Qurban fresh meat packs in Mali and more than 70,000 in Niger. 
• In Bangladesh, Qurban distributions reached over 40,000 families – including both impoverished rural Bangladeshis and Rohingya communities who have fled violence in Myanmar.  

More Eid al-Adha Giving

Eid al-Adha is also a time of joy and gift-giving. Islamic Relief teams also distributed over 18,000 Eid gifts such as clothes, shoes, school uniforms and school bags to children and families in 18 countries.

Zaheer Afzal, manager of Islamic Relief Worldwide’s Qurban and seasonal programs, says:

Each Qurban pack contains approximately 5kg of meat on average. Islamic Relief ensures that all distributions comply with Islamic guidelines and national laws, ensuring animal wellbeing and strict criteria on the age and health of animals.   

Giving Qurban is one of our greatest opportunities, as Muslims, to empower those most in need. As an important duty for every able Muslim, fulfilling this great act of worship allows us to share our blessings with our brothers and sisters suffering the most. And give them the nutrition they need to enjoy Eid Al Adha without worry and look toward a better tomorrow.

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As members of humanity, of one Ummah, we all want to empower one another. We all wish everyone in the world, especially our brothers and sisters in need in countries like Gaza and Sudan, to have fair access to basic rights and opportunities. Access to quality education, employment, food, healthcare and more.

That’s why, one of the greatest opportunities we have as Muslims, is to empower others through the power of giving. Especially through Qurban, in these blessed first 10 days of Dhul Hijjah.

What is Qurban?

Qurban is an Islamic tradition specific to Eid Al-Adha. It takes place annually on the Islamic (Hijri) Calendar, in the 12th and final month, Dhul Hijjah.

Performing Qurban means to sacrifice an animal, either a goat, sheep, cow (or buffalo) or camel, for the sake of Allah (SWT). This is done in commemoration of the sacrifice of the Prophet Ibrahim (AS). When Ibrahim (AS) showed his willingness to sacrifice his beloved son, Ismail (AS), for Allah (SWT)’s sake despite his heavy heart, Allah (SWT) rewarded them by replacing Ismail (AS) with a sheep to sacrifice instead.

Qurban is an important duty for anyone who has the means to do so. With how important this duty is to our supporters, we, at Islamic Relief Australia, take your Qurban as an Amanah. An Amanah to ensure it is given to those most in need with Ihsan and empowers their community for generations to come.

How Does Qurban Empower Communities?

Every year Islamic Relief’s Qurban program catches international recognition. Why? Because we work to ensure our program has the most impact.

Since the campaign began in 1986, it has been part of our greater mission to eradicate food insecurity from the world’s most needy. 

Today, as many as 783 million people globally face chronic hunger. Conflict, spiralling economies, climate extremes and rising costs of living are combining to create an escalating food crisis. By distributing fresh, high-quality meat to millions of the world’s most vulnerable, we help relieve thousands of families from food insecurity, thereby reducing world hunger.

However, Qurban provides more than just immediate aid. In the long term, we also empower and develop communities with our Qurban projects so they no longer have to be dependent on direct aid, steering them towards a sustainable future.

Sustainable Development with Islamic Relief

Islamic Relief looks at Qurban as a way of supporting a local community. The meat product is just a part of a more significant process. It strengthens local economies and feeds its most vulnerable. It also empowers local livelihoods through employment.

Qurban gathers and empowers local livelihoods. Farmers and locals prepare and raise the animals in advance, ensuring they meet the right criteria per prophetic tradition. Local butchers will assist in cleaning and packaging the meat. Transporters will distribute the meat to families in need.

The value of Qurban should not be limited to its short-term impact on families and communities. It’s about implementing and creating a lasting positive cycle within society and our Ummah.

Where, thanks to your support, last year, our global family was able to reach over 3.4 million vulnerable people with Qurban across over 28 countries. Allowing those in need to not only receive the nutrition they need to relieve their hunger, but also realise their full potential, paving their pathway to a brighter future.

Qurban and Aqiqah are both significant acts of worship (ibadah) in Islam that both involve the sacrifice of an animal for the sake of Allah (SWT). Anyone who has the financial means to do Qurban and Aqiqah is highly urged to do it. As these are important rituals the Prophet (ﷺ) did rigorously at their assigned times.

While these two have some similarities, they are two different acts of worship, each with specific rules on how to perform them. So, what are the differences between Qurban and Aqiqah? 

Qurban and Aqiqah in Islam

The Story of Qurban 

Qurban commemorates the divine sacrifice Prophet Ibrahim (AS) made for the sake of Allah (SWT). It plays a significant part in Eid Al-Adha, the “festival of sacrifice”, in Dhul Hijjah.

The story behind the act of worship starts with a dream. A dream sent by Allah (SWT) to Prophet Ibrahim (AS) of him sacrificing his son, Ismail (AS), whom he loved dearly.

Despite his heavy heart, Prophet Ibrahim (AS) had full trust in his Creator to guide him through this hard task. He took his son to the top of Mount Arafah to prepare for the sacrifice. When Prophet Ibrahim (AS) told his son about the dream, Ismail (AS), following his father’s example, accepted this decree of Allah (SWT) and agreed that he must be sacrificed.  

Prophet Ibrahim (AS) then blindfolded himself to ease his heavy heart while carrying out the slaughter. As he was about to begin the sacrifice, Allah (SWT) replaced Ismail (AS) with a ram, and his son was left unharmed. 

The event was a test of Prophet Ibrahim’s obedience to Allah (SWT), which he had greatly demonstrated. In honour of his devotion, Allah named him ‘Khalillullah’ in the Quran, which means an intimate friend of Allah. 

“Who can be better in religion than one who submits his whole self to Allah, does good, and follows the way of Ibrahim the true in faith? For Allah did take Ibrahim for a friend.”

Quran 4:125

Qurban in the Quran

The story of Qurban serves as a reminder for us. To learn from Prophet Ibrahim (AS)’s full submission to Allah (SWT), which is the essence of Islam itself. His sacrifice is commemorated in these verse of Surah As-Saffat, which states:

“When the boy was old enough to work with his father, Ibrahim said, ‘My son, I have seen myself sacrificing you in a dream. What do you think?’

“He said, ‘Father, do as you are commanded and, God willing, you will find me steadfast.’ And when they had both submitted and he put him down upon his forehead, We called out to him, ‘Ibrahim, you have fulfilled the dream.’

“This is how We reward those who do good- it was a test to prove [their true characters]- And We ransomed him with a great sacrifice, And We left for him [favorable mention] among later generations: ‘Peace be upon Ibrahim!’”

Quran 37: 102-109

The Significance of Aqiqah 

The birth of a child is a great blessing and gift from Allah (SWT). One of the many ways this is celebrated is through Aqiqah. It is a sacrifice offered as a symbol of one’s gratitude to Allah (SWT) for their newborn child.  

Aqiqah is a confirmed practice of the Prophet (ﷺ) and his companions. As narrated by Samurah ibn Jundub, the Prophet (ﷺ) said:  

“A boy is in pledge for his Aqiqah, Sacrifice is made for him on the seventh day, his head is shaved and he is given name.”

Sunan Abi Dawud

Likewise, when his two grandsons from his daughter Fatima (RA), Hasan and Husain, were born, the Prophet (ﷺ) offered an ‘Aqiqah for both of them, with two rams for each. (Sunan An Nasai) 

Aqiqah is also not limited to a boy’s birth. It should also be offered when a girl is born. It was narrated that Aisha (RA) said:

“The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) commanded us to sacrifice two sheep for a boy’s ‘Aqiqah and one sheep for a girl.”

Sunan Ibn Majah

However, Aqiqah should also not be a hardship for a baby’s parents. While the sunnah is to offer two sheep or goats for a newborn son, if a parent can only afford one, then they should not have to bear the hardship of getting two.

When do we perform Qurban and Aqiqah? 

When to perform Qurban

Muslims carry out Qurban during the days of Eid al-Adha, in Dhul Hijjah, the twelfth and final Islamic month. It should be done after Eid prayer, as practised by the Prophet (ﷺ) 

‘Whoever, makes the sacrifice before Eid prayer must repeat the sacrifice, and whoever does it after the prayer has completed his sacrifice.’ 

Sahih Al Bukhari

You can offer Qurban every year, so long as it is during its set days in Dhul Hijjah (the 10th to the 12th or 13th). You can also do it as many times as you wish if you have the financial means to do so.  

By contrast, Aqiqah can only be offered once in a lifetime. If a baby’s parents have already done ‘Aqiqah, there is no need to perform another one the following year.

When to Perform Aqiqah  

Ideally, Aqiqah should be performed seven days after the child’s birth, as per sunnah. However, if the child’s parents or guardians cannot afford it, then they can do it at another time, as long as the child has not hit puberty yet. If a child reaches puberty before their parents can perform Aqiqah, then it is permissible for the child to perform it for himself. 

Aqiqah is also not fixed to any event in the Islamic calendar and can be done anytime in the year. It is also permissible to perform Aqiqah during the Eid al-Adha period. Some Muslims do so as it is cheaper to buy a livestock animal during this time, due to the increase in supply to meet the demand for Qurban.

What animals can be sacrificed for Qurban and Aqiqah? 

Livestock animals that can be sacrificed for Qurban include goats, sheep, cows and camels. For Aqiqah, it is sunnah to offer a goat or sheep for sacrifice.

Animals also make up a different number of shares in Qurban. Smaller animals, such as goats and sheep, count as one Qurban share. Larger animals, like cows and camels, on the other hand, count as seven shares. 

For both Qurban and Aqiqah, the sacrifice can be male or female, so long as they are healthy and free from defects. The sacrificed livestock must have also reached a specific minimum age. Goats and sheep must be at least one year old, cows two years old, and camels five years old.  

How should the Qurban and Aqiqah meat be distributed? 

Meat from Qurban should be distributed raw and divided into three parts. One-third goes to the one performing the Qurban, another third to family and friends, and the last third to the less fortunate. 

This sharing of meat is to give thanks to Allah (SWT) and share these blessings with those who live in situations where eating meat is often an unaffordable luxury. Thus, Qurban provides an annual opportunity for the poor and needy to enjoy meat. Especially, if they are unable to have them at other times of the year. 

For Aqiqah, it is permissible to eat the meat from it and feed relatives, friends and the poor. While it can given raw, it is sunnah to cook it before giving it to others. Aisha (RA) said, concerning the meat of the Aqiqah that, “It should be cut into pieces, cooked, eaten and also distributed.” (Narrated by Ibn Abi Shaybah in Al-Musannaf).

As such, an Aqiqah ceremony becomes a celebration where the meat from the sacrificed animal is cooked and shared with family, friends and members of the community who are in need.

Summary of differences

In conclusion, while they share some similarities, Qurban and Aqiqah are two distinct acts of worship.

Qurban is done on the three or four days of Eid al-Adha in remembrance of Prophet Ibrahim (AS)’s sacrifice. It is also best to distribute it raw, and you give it as many times each year during the Qurban period as you wish.

Aqiqah, however, is done seven days after a child’s birth, as per Sunnah, and is only done once in their lifetime. It is also sunnah to sacrifice goat or sheep for Aqiqah and to cook the meat before distributing it.

In the 10 blessed days of Dhul Hijjah, do not forget to purchase your Qurban in time for Eid Al-Adha!

The first 10 days of Dhul Hijjah is a sacred time when Allah (SWT) grants many blessings to us. As a time when no deed is more beloved to Allah (SWT), it is also a time for elevating our acts of worship and remembering its legacy of sacrifice. Specifically, the sacrifices made by the Prophet Ibrahim (AS), his wife, Hajar (AS), and his son, Ismail (AS).

Without the trials they were willing to face for the sake of God, we would not have the rituals of the important events of Hajj and Eid Al-Adha, which are integral to the first 10 days of Dhul Hijjah. As their stories remind us of the immense blessings Allah (SWT) grants us for trusting in His Plan.

Hajj and the Story of Hajar (AS)

Hajj, as one of the five pillars of Islam, is a vital aspect of Islam. Starting from the 8th of Dhul Hijjah, the month of the pilgrimage, Muslims from around the world come together to travel to the Ka’aba in Makkah. There, they start to perform the sacred rituals of Hajj. 

One of the most significant rituals of Hajj is the pacing between the hills of Safa and Marwa. In Surah Al-Baraqah, it says:

“Behold! Safaa and Marwa are among the symbols of God. So if those who visit the House in the Season or at other times, should compass them round, there is no blame on them. And if any one obeys his own impulse to Good, be sure that God is One Who is Responsive, Knowing.”

Quran 2:158

Decreed as signs of Allah (SWT), Safa and Marwa represent His Divine Protection, Wisdom and Mercy in our times of distress and hardship. The act of pacing between the two hills seven times during Hajj commemorates the hardship of Hajar (AS), one of the wives of Prophet Ibrahim (AS).

Hajar (AS) , Ismail (AS) and the Birth of Makkah

Before Makkah became a thriving city, it was originally a dry and desolate land. Here, Allah (SWT) asked Prophet Ibrahim (AS) to separate from Hajar (AS) and Ismail (AS). Ibrahim (AS) was initially hesitant to leave his wife and son in the desert. But when Hajar (AS) told him to trust in Allah (SWT), he agreed to go. 

However, left in the arid desert, Hajar (AS) soon ran out of water and food. Without it, she struggled to sustain herself and the infant Ismail (AS). Desperately, Hajar (AS) paced through the valley between the hills of Safa and Marwa. She searched for signs of life, supplicating and calling out to Allah (SWT) for aid. It was through her patience and trust in Allah (SWT) to provide that Allah (SWT) sent the archangel Jibreel to her. The same angel who would later be sent down to the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) to give him Quranic revelation. Soon after Jibreel arrived to aid Hajar (AS), water sprung from the ground beneath the feet of Ismail (AS). Thus, the well of Zamzam came to be – a gift from Allah (SWT)  

With the steady water supply, the previously uninhabitable land gave way to life. And when Ibrahim (AS) came back to Hajar and Ismail (AS), he was graced with the sight of a small, but thriving community founded by his wife. 

For the Makkah we know today, we owe it to Hajar (AS). Not only for finding this site but also for her sacrifice and trust in Allah (SWT) that brought the area to life. In her story and the rituals of Hajj, we reflect on the capacity of Hajar (AS) to trust and believe in Allah (SWT). And follow her example of cherishing His mercy, love and care for us. 

Eid Al-Adha and the Story of Ibrahim (AS)

In Islam, we have two celebration festivals. The firs is Eid Al-Fitr, which signifies the completion of the holy month of Ramadan. The second is Eid Al-Adha, which follows the completion of the annual Hajj pilgrimage, on the 10th day of Dhul Hijjah. 

For both Eids, we pray the Eid prayer and share happiness and blessings with loved ones. But on Eid Al-Adha specifically, Muslims worldwide perform Qurban. An act of worship that involves sacrificing an animal – sheep, goat, cow or camel – for the sake of Allah (SWT). The reason we perform this ritual on Eid Al-Adha is because of Prophet Ibrahim (AS). To commemorate his sacrifice and trust in the Divine Will of Allah (SWT). 

Qurban and the Devotion of Prophet Ibrahim (AS) and Ismail (AS)

One night, Ibrahim (AS) dreamt that Allah (SWT) told him to sacrifice Ismail (AS), his beloved son. At first, Ibrahim (AS) believed the dream was Shaytan playing tricks on him and immediately disregarded it. However, when the same dream came to him the following night, Ibrahim (AS) came to realise that the dream was, in fact, a message from Allah (SWT).

Ibrahim (AS) loved his son, Ismail (AS), but he had faith in Allah’s (SWT) plan and Divine Wisdom and did as he was instructed. When telling his son about his dream and what Allah (SWT) had commanded him to do, Ismail (AS) reassured his father. He too would follow the wishes of God and urged his father to perform the sacrifice.

Then when the boy reached the age to work with him, Ibrahim said, “O my dear son! I have seen in a dream that I ˹must˺ sacrifice you. So tell me what you think.” He replied, “O my dear father! Do as you are commanded. Allah willing, you will find me steadfast.”

Quran 37:102

For their willingness to sacrifice for the sake of God, Allah (SWT) rewarded them both for their steadfastness. He replaced Ismail (AS) with a ram, who was then slaughtered in his place. 

In this story, we see that Eid Al-Adha is not just a celebration. It is a remembrance of one of the greatest sacrifices in history. A festival where we commemorate and be inspired by the trust and belief Prophet Ibrahim (AS) and Ismail (AS) have in Allah (SWT) and His Divine Protection. 

Dhul Hijjah and the Legacy of Sacrifice and Devotion

Indeed, Prophet Ibrahim, Hajar, and their son Ismail (may peace be upon them all) experienced many hardships in their lives. But Allah (SWT) always came through and showered them with mercy and blessings for their steadfast belief and gratitude towards Him. 

As such, the month of Dhul Hijjah is about honouring this legacy of sacrifice and devotion to Allah (SWT). In these most blessed days, take this learn from the stories of Prophet Ibrahim, Hajar and Ismail (may peace be upon them all). To trust that Allah (SWT) knows best for us. To offer support when we see others struggling.

By renewing our intentions to do good deeds and love one another for the sake of Allah (SWT), we have a great opportunity to improve our lives and the lives of others. To be the difference that changes the world for the better, in the 10 greatest days of the year.

What’s one of the best ways to make sure we stay safe during Hajj and Umrah? On these journeys of a lifetime, let us seek guidance from Allah (SWT) with sincere Duas specific to travelling and these two pligrimages.

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Each year, millions of Muslims from around the world travel to Makkah in Saudi Arabia to perform Hajj, the fifth pillar of Islam.

A pilgrimage that every adult Muslim, who is financially, physically and spiritually able, must make at leasts once in their lifetime, it takes place between the 8th and 12th or 13th of Dhul Hijjah, the twelve final month of the Islamic Calendar.

However, this period is not the only time Muslims travel to Makkah. Umrah, the voluntary pilgrimage, refers to the journey to Makkah taken at any time of the year outside of the Hajj period.

For both Umrah and Hajj, Allah (SWT) offers believers many rewards for completing them successfully. Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) said:

“(The performance of) `Umrah is an expiation for the sins committed (between it and the previous one). And the reward of Hajj Mabrur (the one accepted by Allah) is nothing except Paradise.”

Sahih Al-Bukhari 

Hajj and Umrah are incredibly spiritual journeys that we make in our lifetimes. As many of us will be travelling long distances when we go on these journeys, it’s important make sincere dua to Allah (SWT) to keep us safe during this time.

Here are 5 essential duas you can say while on Hajj and Umrah.

Dua for travelling

Bismillah, tawakkaltu ‘alallah, wa la hawla wa la quwwata illa billah.
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ عَلَى اللَّهِ لاَ حَوْلَ وَلاَ قُوَّةَ إِلاَّ بِاللَّهِ
“I begin with the Name of Allah; I trust in Allah; there is no altering of conditions but by the Power of Allah.”

Hisn al-Muslim

Dua when boarding a vehicle

Bismillah, walhamdulillah. Subhanal-ladzi sakh-khara lana hadza wa ma kunna lahu muqrinin. Wa inna ila Rabbina lamun-qalibun.
بِسْـمِ اللهِ وَالْحَمْـدُ لله، سُبْحَانَ الذي سَخَّرَ لَنَا هذا، وَما كُنَّا له مُقْرِنِينَ، وإنَّا إلى رَبِّنَا لَمُنْقَلِبُونَ
“In the name of Allah and all praise is for Allah. How perfect He is, the One Who has placed this (transport) at our service and we ourselves would not have been capable of that, and to our Lord is our final destiny.”

Hisn al-Muslim

Dua upon arrival

A’udzu bikalimatillahit-tammati min sharri ma khalaq.
 أَعُوذُ بِكَلِمَاتِ اللَّهِ التَّامَّةِ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ
“I seek refuge in Allah’s perfect words from every evil (that has been created).”

Sunan Ibn Majah

Talbiyah Dua (intention to start worship) for Hajj or Umrah

Labbayka Allāhumma labbayk. Labbayk lā shareeka laka labbayk. Inna al-ḥamda, wa n-‘imata, Laka wal mulk. Lā shareeka lak.
لَبَّيْكَ اللَّهُمَّ لَبَّيْكَ، لَبَّيْكَ لَا شَرِيكَ لَكَ لَبَّيْكَ، انَّالْحَمْدَ، وَالنِّعْمَةَ، لَكَ وَالْمُلْكَ، لا شَرِيكَ لَكَ
“Here I am, O Allah, here I am, here I am. You have no partner, here I am. Verily all praise and blessings are Yours, and all sovereignty. You have no partner.”

Bukhari and Muslim

Dua for return

Ayibun, ta’ibun, ‘abidun, sajidun, lirabbina hamidun.
آيبونَ تائبونَ عابدونَ لربِّنا حامِدون
“We return, repentant, worshipping, prostrating and praising our Lord.”

Sahih Muslim

Don’t forget to make lots of Dua’s during Hajj and Umrah, asking Allah (SWT) for forgiveness. Don’t forget to include your friends, relatives, neighbours as well as the wider Ummah in your Dua during these spiritual journeys.

During these first 10 days of Dhul Hijjah, make sure to make the most of it! Reap the rewards of this blessed time by doing as much good as you can. Give your Zakat if you haven’t already. Share blessings with your Sadaqah. And don’t forget to give your Qurban in time for Eid!