By donating to Islamic Relief Australia, you are helping us create a world that is free from poverty and injustice – one where communities are empowered and people are able to fulfil their God-given purpose. With you on board, we believe we can end suffering.
How much would you like to give per month? Allah (SWT) loves deeds that are done consistently, even if they are small. Beyond Ramadan, continue to empower our Ummah. Help us provide those in need with critical support and relief.
On World Water Day, we are reminded of a simple yet powerful truth:
Water is life.
Yet today, millions of people around the world still wake up without access to something many of us in Australia take for granted — safe, clean water.
Across the world, 2.2 billion people — 1 in 4 — lack access to safe drinking water.
For many communities, this is not just an inconvenience, it is a daily struggle for survival.
In countries such as Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia, families often rely on unsafe water sources. Women and children walk kilometres every day just to collect water — time that could otherwise be spent in school, work, or with family.
In fact, it is estimated that women and girls collectively spend over 200 million hours every day collecting water.
As Muslims, we are reminded that water is not just a resource — it is a divine blessing from Allah (SWT).
“And We send down blessed rain from the sky, bringing forth gardens and grains for harvest, and towering palm trees loaded with clustered fruit, as a provision for Our servants. And with this We revive a lifeless land. Such is the resurrection.”
Qur’an | Surah Qaf | 50:9–11
“Do the disbelievers not realize that the heavens and the earth were once one mass then We split them apart? And We created from water every living thing. Will they not then believe?”
Qur’an | Surah Al-Anbya | 21:30
Photo: An Image of an Islamic Relief Water project
The disproportionate impact on women and girls
The global water crisis is closely linked to gender inequality. Women and girls bear the greatest burden due to existing social and economic disparities. In countries such as Ethiopia and Kenya, girls frequently travel several kilometres to fetch water. This responsibility often prevents them from attending school, limiting their access to education and future opportunities. In addition, the journey to collect water can expose women and girls to significant safety risks, including harassment and violence. These challenges highlight how access to clean water is not only a matter of health, but also of dignity, safety, and equality.
Climate change is intensifying water scarcity across many regions of the world. Prolonged droughts are affecting millions of people, particularly those who depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. Without reliable access to water, crops fail, incomes are lost, and food insecurity increases.
At the same time, extreme weather events such as flooding are becoming more frequent and severe, damaging infrastructure and contaminating water sources. Communities already facing poverty are often the most vulnerable to these impacts.
Islamic Relief has been working for over three decades to support vulnerable communities with access to safe and sustainable water solutions.
Our work goes beyond short-term interventions. We focus on long-term impact by:
Developing sustainable water supply systems
Installing solar-powered boreholes
Supporting irrigation for agriculture
Improving sanitation and hygiene facilities
Training communities to manage and maintain water resources
Across countries such as Somalia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Nepal, Islamic Relief continues to deliver solutions that strengthen resilience and support communities for the future.
On World Water Day, we are reminded of the importance of collective action in addressing the global water crisis.
Islamic Relief Australia continues to work with communities around the world to deliver sustainable water solutions that improve health, livelihoods, and long-term resilience.
Through continued support, it is possible to help ensure that more communities gain access to safe and reliable water sources for generations to come.
By donating to Islamic Relief Australia, you are helping us create a world that is free from poverty and injustice – one where communities are empowered and people are able to fulfil their God-given purpose. With you on board, we believe we can end suffering.
How much would you like to give per month? Allah (SWT) loves deeds that are done consistently, even if they are small. Beyond Ramadan, continue to empower our Ummah. Help us provide those in need with critical support and relief.
Laylatul Qadr, the “Night of Power”, is one of the most significant nights in the Islamic calendar. It is a night that carries immense spiritual weight and is described in the Qur’an as being better than a thousand months.
During the last ten nights of Ramadan, many Muslims increase their worship, prayers, and charitable giving in the hope of seeking the blessings of the Night of Qadr. Understanding its significance and how to approach it can help make this time more meaningful and focused.
What Is Laylatul Qadr?
Laylatul Qadr marks the night on which the Qur’an was first revealed. Its importance is highlighted in Surah al-Qadr, which describes the night as one filled with peace, mercy, and divine decree.
The exact date of the Night of Qadr is not known, but it is widely believed to fall on one of the odd-numbered nights during the last ten nights of Ramadan.
In the Quran, the whole of Surah Al-Qadr mentions Laylatul Qadr:
“Indeed, We sent the Qur’an down during the Night of Decree And what can make you know what is the Night of Decree? The Night of Decree is better than a thousand months. The angels and the Spirit descend therein by permission of their Lord for every matter. Peace it is until the emergence of dawn”- Qur’an 97:1-5
Why Is Laylatul Qadr So Important?
Worship performed on Laylatul Qadr is described as being better than worship carried out over a thousand months.
And it is also a night on which forgiveness is guaranteed for the sincere worshipper who “catches” its reward.
The Prophet ﷺ said: “Whoever stands in prayer on Laylatul Qadr out of faith and seeking reward, his previous sins will be forgiven.” (Agreed upon by Bukhari, Muslim, Sunan An-Nasai and others)
This makes the night a unique opportunity for reflection, prayer, repentance, and drawing closer to Allah. Many people choose to dedicate extra time during the last ten nights to maximise the chance of benefiting from this night.
How to Prepare for Laylatul Qadr
Preparing for Laylatul Qadr begins with intention and awareness.
Practical steps may include:
Setting aside time during the last ten nights
Planning to attend night prayers
Increasing recitation of the Qur’an
Making du‘a with focus and sincerity.
Consistency during the final nights can help ensure that worship is not limited to a single night.
Du‘a and Worship on Laylatul Qadr
Du‘a is a central part of worship on Laylatul Qadr. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) encouraged making sincere supplication during this night.
Many people focus on seeking forgiveness, guidance, and ease for themselves and others. Acts of worship such as prayer, remembrance, and recitation are all emphasised during the final nights of Ramadan.
Giving Charity on Laylatul Qadr
Giving charity during Laylatul Qadr carries special significance. Because deeds performed on this night are multiplied, many people choose to give Zakat or Sadaqah during the last ten nights of Ramadan.
Planning charitable giving in advance can help ensure that obligations are fulfilled correctly and that support reaches those in need during this blessed time.
Final Thoughts: Make it Count!
Laylatul Qadr is a gift within Ramadan, offering a chance to seek immense reward and spiritual renewal.
By preparing thoughtfully, increasing worship, and giving generously during the last ten nights, you can approach this time with purpose and hope, trusting in the mercy and generosity of Allah.
Ramadan is a deeply meaningful time, but for many people it can also feel overwhelming.
Balancing work, family, worship, and daily responsibilities while fasting is not always easy, especially when the month arrives quickly.
Having a simple Ramadan plan can help bring clarity and calm. Rather than trying to do everything at once, a thoughtful plan allows you to approach Ramadan with intention, consistency, and balance.
This guide offers a simple, realistic way to plan for Ramadan, focusing on what truly matters and showing how existing Islamic Relief Australia resources can support you throughout the month.
Why Having a Ramadan Plan Matters
Ramadan is not just about changing meal times. It is a month of spiritual focus, self-reflection, and generosity.
Allah SWT tells us in the Qur’an:
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ
“So be mindful of Allah as much as you are able” (Surah At-Taghābun 64)
As the month of months, Ramadan is the time to increase in our mindfulness of Allah, with a deliberate plan.
Without a plan, it is easy for the days to pass quickly without making the most of the opportunity Ramadan offers. A simple plan helps you:
A plan does not need to be detailed or rigid. Even a light structure can make a meaningful difference.
Start With Intention
Every meaningful plan begins with intention.
Before thinking about schedules or goals, take a moment to reflect on what you want Ramadan to be for you this year. This may include strengthening prayer, improving character, reconnecting with the Qur’an, or increasing generosity.
Clear intentions help guide decisions throughout the month and keep focus on purpose rather than perfection.
Keep Your Plan Simple and Realistic
A simple Ramadan plan works best when it is realistic.
The Prophet ﷺ said: “The most beloved deeds to Allah are those that are consistent, even if they are small.” (Agreed upon).
This famous hadith is nowhere more relevant than in Ramadan. Despite our lofty targets, consistency through the month is often more key to having a transformative month.
Rather than setting many ambitious goals, focus on a small number of practices you can sustain. Consistency is more valuable than intensity.
This might include:
Committing to regular prayer times
Setting aside time for Qur’an recitation
Choosing one habit to improve
Planning regular moments of reflection.
Plan Around Your Daily Routine
A practical Ramadan plan fits into your existing routine rather than fighting against it.
Consider your work hours, family commitments, and energy levels. Planning worship around these realities makes consistency more achievable.
Using a Ramadan calendar can help you structure your days around prayer times, fasting hours, and important nights, while still allowing flexibility.
Rather than waiting until they arrive, include them in your plan early. This may involve reducing optional commitments, prioritising worship, or planning charity in advance.
Approaching the last ten nights with preparation helps ensure they are not rushed or overlooked.
Make Du’a Part of Your Plan
Supplication is a central part of Ramadan. Rather than viewing du’a as something to do only when time allows, consider making it a consistent part of your daily routine. This could be after prayers, before breaking the fast, or during quiet moments at night.
Islamic Relief Australia’s Dua Hub brings together a wide range of supplications for different moments and needs, offering guidance without the need to search elsewhere.
Including generosity in your Ramadan plan helps ensure that giving is thoughtful and intentional rather than rushed. This may involve calculatingZakat early, planning regular donations, or choosing causes that align with your values.
Islamic Relief Australia supports a range of humanitarian programs, allowing your giving to have meaningful impact throughout the month.
Use Existing Resources to Support You
You do not need to plan Ramadan alone.
Islamic Relief Australia has created a range of resources designed to support individuals and families throughout the month, including:
Preparing for Ramadan: How to Build Your Action Plan
The Ramadan Resources Hub
The Ramadan Journal.
Using these tools can help bring structure and clarity to your Ramadan without adding pressure.
A Balanced Approach to Ramadan
A simple Ramadan plan is not about doing everything perfectly. It is about approaching the month with sincerity, balance, and intention.
Small, consistent acts performed with focus often carry greater benefit than ambitious plans that cannot be sustained.
By keeping your plan realistic and centred on what matters most, you can experience Ramadan as a time of renewal, reflection, and generosity.
Ramadan offers a unique opportunity each year to reset, reflect, and reconnect.
With a simple plan and the support of existing resources, you can approach the month with confidence and calm, making the most of its spiritual and personal significance.
Ramadan is a month of worship, reflection, and generosity. While its arrival is eagerly anticipated, many people reach the start of Ramadan feeling unprepared or unsure how to balance spiritual goals with daily responsibilities.
Preparing for Ramadan does not require dramatic changes or complex plans. Thoughtful preparation, both spiritual and practical, helps create space for focus, consistency, and calm throughout the month.
This guide explores how to prepare for Ramadan in a balanced and realistic way, while also pointing to existing Islamic Relief Australia resources that can support you before and during the month.
Why Preparation Matters
Ramadan arrives whether we are ready or not. Without preparation, the days can pass quickly, leaving little room for reflection or meaningful change.
Approach Ramadan with intention rather than urgency
Reduce stress around daily routines – focus on consistency instead of perfection
Make space for worship alongside work and family life.
Preparation is not about doing more. It is about doing what matters with clarity and the best of intentions.
Spiritual Preparation: Setting the Foundation
The Prophet ﷺ said:
“Whoever fasts Ramadan out of faith and seeking reward, his previous sins will be forgiven.” [Agreed upon]
This incredible hadith informs us about the sheer weight of reward on offer in this blessed month.
Spiritual preparation begins with intention. Taking time to reflect on what you hope to gain from Ramadan helps guide your actions throughout the month.
This may include:
Renewing intention for fasting and worship
Reflecting on areas of personal growth
Seeking forgiveness and reconciliation
Making du’a for a meaningful Ramadan
Simple acts of reflection before Ramadan begins can shape the tone of the entire month.
Reconnecting With Prayer
Prayer is central to Ramadan, yet it can be challenging to maintain focus during busy periods.
Preparing spiritually may involve:
Reviewing prayer routines
Setting realistic expectations around additional nawafil (supererogatory) prayers
Identifying quiet moments for reflection.
Approaching prayer with consistency and sincerity is more beneficial than placing pressure on oneself to do everything at once.
Preparing Your Relationship With the Qur’an
Ramadan is closely connected to the Qur’an. Many people aim to increase their recitation or understanding during the month for this reason. The Qur’an began to be revealed in the month of Ramadan, and the Prophet (peace be upon him) and his companions increased their recitation of the Qur’an to much higher levels during the blessed month.
Preparation can be as simple as:
Setting a manageable recitation goal
Choosing a translation or commentary to reflect on
Identifying a regular time for reading every day.
Small, consistent engagement with the Qur’an often leads to a deeper connection than ambitious goals that cannot be sustained.
Practical Preparation: Simplifying Daily Life
Practical preparation supports spiritual focus.
This may include:
Adjusting sleep routines gradually
Planning meals ahead of time
Reviewing work and family commitments
Reducing unnecessary obligations where possible.
Simplifying daily life creates space for worship without adding pressure.
Using a Ramadan calendar can help you visualise prayer times, fasting hours, and important nights, making daily planning easier.
Preparing for the Last Ten Nights
The last ten nights of Ramadan hold special significance. Preparing for them early helps ensure they are approached with intention rather than exhaustion.
This may involve:
Planning lighter schedules where possible
Setting aside time for additional worship
Reflecting on personal goals for this period.
Preparation allows these nights to be experienced with focus and calm.
Incorporating Du’a Into Daily Life
Increasing in supplication is an essential part of Ramadan.
Rather than viewing du’a as something to do only at specific times, preparation may involve integrating it into daily routines, such as after prayers or before breaking the fast.
Islamic Relief Australia’s Dua Hub offers a collection of supplications for different moments, providing guidance and inspiration without the need to search elsewhere.
Planning Your Giving
Charitable giving is an important aspect of Ramadan. Preparing in advance helps ensure generosity is intentional and aligned with personal values.
Planning how and when to give throughout the month
Learning about causes you wish to support
Islamic Relief Australia provides opportunities to support people in need locally and internationally, allowing generosity to be part of your Ramadan preparation.
Using Existing Resources to Support Preparation
You do not need to prepare for Ramadan alone.
Islamic Relief Australia has developed a range of resources to support individuals and families, including:
Preparing for Ramadan: How to Build Your Action Plan
The Ramadan Resources Hub
The Ramadan Journal.
These tools can help bring structure to preparation while keeping the focus on intention and balance.
A Balanced Approach to Preparation
Preparing for Ramadan is not about achieving perfection. It is about approaching the month with sincerity, realism, and care.
Small steps taken before Ramadan begins can make the month more meaningful and less overwhelming.
Ramadan preparation is both spiritual and practical.
By setting intentions early, simplifying daily routines, and making use of existing resources, you can approach Ramadan with confidence and calm, ready to engage with the month in a way that is meaningful and sustainable.
By donating to Islamic Relief Australia, you are helping us create a world that is free from poverty and injustice – one where communities are empowered and people are able to fulfil their God-given purpose. With you on board, we believe we can end suffering.
How much would you like to give per month? Allah (SWT) loves deeds that are done consistently, even if they are small. Beyond Ramadan, continue to empower our Ummah. Help us provide those in need with critical support and relief.
Al Isra wal Miraj is believed to be the night in which the beloved Prophet (peace be upon him) embarked on the famous night journey and ascension, also known as Shab-e-Miraj. The night is commemorated on the 27th of Rajab.
The night journey and ascension of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was a miraculous occurrence during which he travelled from Makkah to Masjid Al-Aqsa in Jerusalem before ascending to heaven, all in one night. Isra’ is the night journey from Makkah to Masjid Al-Aqsa. Mi’raj is the journey from Masjid Al-Aqsa to the heavens.
While in Arabic, this is known as Al Isra’ Wal Mi’raj, in Bangla, Persian, Iranian, Pakistani and Indian dialects, this famous journey is sometimes referred to as Shab-e-Miraj, or, the Night of Miraj.
It was when the Prophet (PBUH) was first given the five prescribed daily prayers. He also led the other Prophets in prayer and met some of them. Many extraordinary sights were witnessed by the Prophet (PBUH) on this journey.
It was also a test of faith for the believers at the time and an opportunity for the true believers to shine.
The historical period when the night journey and ascension took place, was a period in which Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was facing intense hardship and grief after the consecutive deaths of some of his dearest family members and supporters, whilst also facing the cruel rejection of the people of Ta’if. It is thought to have taken place one year before the Hijrah (migration) from Makkah to Madinah.
Allah (SWT) blessed the Prophet (PBUH) with this miracle that significantly impacted the Prophet’s (PBUH) life and Islam as we know it.
“Exalted is He who took His Servant (Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)) by night from al-Masjid al-Haram to al-Masjid al-Aqsa, whose surroundings We have blessed, to show him of Our signs. Indeed, He is the Hearing, the Seeing.”
Qur’an | Surah Al-Isra | 17:1
Photo: An Image of masid Al-Aqsa with a an amazing sunset.
When is Al Isra’ wal Mi’raj (27th Rajab) 2026?
The night of Al Isra’ wal Mi’raj is expected to fall on the evening of Thursday 15th January 2026, depending on the sighting of the moon. The Gregorian date that coincides with the 27th of Rajab in 2026 is 16th January 2026.
What is the significance of Al Isra’ wal Mi’raj (27th Rajab)?
The night journey (Al Isra’ wal Mi’raj) has many lessons and virtues for us to reflect on, especially in the lead up to the holy month of Ramadan.
The context in which it took place is crucial, as the Prophet (PBUH) was experiencing a period of great hardship and suffering.
His (PBUH) beloved wife and the first Muslim, Khadijah (RA), passed away.
His (PBUH) uncle Abu Talib, who was one of his greatest supporters against the Quraysh also passed away during that period in what became known as the Year of Sorrow. This was 10 years after the Prophet (PBUH) began to preach his message. He was also, cruelly rejected by the people of Ta’if around this time, who he had hoped to spread the message of Islam to.
“After the Prophet (PBUH) was miraculously taken by night to the furthest mosque in Jerusalem, the people began to talk about it. Some of them renounced their faith and belief in him. They looked for Abu Bakr and they said, ‘Have you heard that your friend imagined he was taken by night to the sacred house?’ Abu Bakr said, ‘Did he say that?’ They said, ‘Yes.’ Abu Bakr said, ‘If he said it, then it is the truth.’ They said, ‘Do you believe he went by night to the sacred house and returned before morning?’ Abu Bakr said, ‘Yes. Verily, I believe something even more astonishing than that. I believe he has received revelations from heaven for everything he does.’ For this reason, Abu Bakr was named the Truthful, al-Siddiq.”
On any virtuous night like Al Isra wal Mi’raj, it’s important to increase our supplications to Allah, and to ask Allah to fulfil our needs and the needs of our Muslim brothers and sisters across the world.
It’s also important to pray nafl (optional) prayers, send salutations (Salawat) upon the Prophet (PBUH), and increase recitation of the holy Qur’an.
Virtues of the night of Al Isra wal Miraj (27th Rajab*)
The night of Al Isra wal Mi’raj holds great spiritual significance for Muslims and is an extremely important event. It has a direct impact on our daily lives, as this was the night that the Prophet (PBUH) was commanded to establish Salah (prayer).
The miracle of Al Isra’ wal Mi’raj also shows us a glimpse of the infinite power and glory of Allah, what is beyond the unseen eye, and the dearness of the Prophet (PBUH) to Allah.
On the night of Al Isra wal Miraj (27th Rajab*), as well as offering nafl prayers, giving Sadaqah and increasing other forms of worship. It’s important to reflect on Al Isra wal Mi’raj and draw lessons from the blessed event which may help us greatly.
For example, the blessed journey reminds us of the spiritual heavenly world which we cannot see, but exists for righteous believers.
For those who may be experiencing a difficult period of time in their lives, Al Isra’ wal Mi’raj is a reminder of what Allah tells us in the Qur’an:
“For indeed, with hardship [will be] ease. Indeed, with hardship [will be] ease.”
By donating to Islamic Relief Australia, you are helping us create a world that is free from poverty and injustice – one where communities are empowered and people are able to fulfil their God-given purpose. With you on board, we believe we can end suffering.
How much would you like to give per month? Allah (SWT) loves deeds that are done consistently, even if they are small. Beyond Ramadan, continue to empower our Ummah. Help us provide those in need with critical support and relief.
Shaban (or Sha’ban, Shaaban), is the eighth month in the Islamic calendar. Coming before the ninth month, Ramadan, it is a bridge to the blessings the holy month brings.
Thus, we explore Shaban as a time to prepare for the important month ahead, and one we must not neglect.
When is Shaban 2026?
Shaban, this year, begins on January 20, 2026, according to the new moon’s sighting. This Islamic month may end on February 18, 2026, depending on the moon’s sighting for the start of Ramadan.
Photo: The sighting of the moon is used to determine the dates of the Islamic months of the lunar calendar.
What is the Significance of Shaban?
Imam Abu Bakr al-Warraq al-Balkhi (RA), the uncle of Imam Tirmidhi (RA), said: “The month of Rajab is the month of planting (your seeds), Sha‘ban is the month of irrigating / watering (them), and Ramadan is the month of harvesting the crop.”
Lataiful Ma’arif
Shaban, being the month just before Ramadan, is a perfect time to prepare for the blessed month. But it too, holds great importance on its own. Here are key reasons why:
More Fasting Than Any Other Month (Except Ramadan)
The Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) would fast in Shaban more than any other month except Ramadan. Aisha (RA) said:
“I never saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ fasting for an entire month except in Ramadan, and I never saw him fasting more than he did in Sha’ban.”
Sahih Al-Bukhari
He (ﷺ) also loved to fast in this month. So much so, that it was recorded in hadith. In Sunan Abu Dawud, it states, “The most beloved of months for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to fast in was Sha’ban, and his fasting in Sha’ban was continuous with his fasting in Ramadan.”
More Opportunity for Rewards
Many scholars of the past (Salaf) also believed that fasting in Shaban was better than fasting in other months, even the sacred ones.
Ibn Rajab (RA) said, “Fasting in Sha’ban is better than fasting in the Sacred Months, and the best of voluntary fasts are those that are (observed in the months) closest to Ramadan, before or after.”
A hadith in Silsilat ul-Ahadith-as Sahiha also states, “Allah forgives all the believers in general; except the polytheists and the jealous people on the middle night of Sha’ban.” Some Muslims refer to this night as a Shab-e-Barat, however no Quranic verses specifically mention it.
Good Deeds to Do on Sha’ban
There are a lot of good deeds you can perform in the month of Shaban to make the most of it. Here are some simple acts of worship (ibadah) to add to your daily routine to earn good deeds AND prepare for Ramadan.
1. Do Voluntary Fasts
Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) used to fast most of the days of Shaban. Thus, we should follow his Sunnah (actions and way of living) and keep as many voluntary fasts as we can in Shaban too. If it is hard to fast most of the month, try to fast on the 13th, 14th, and 15th as they are the White Days (Al-Ayyam al-Bid) of the Islamic month.
However, there are also exceptions to fasting in Shaban. Abu Hurayrah (RA) mentioned that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “Do not anticipate Ramadan by fasting one or two days before it begins, but if a man habitually fasts, then let him fast.” (Sahih Muslim) He also reported that the Prophet (ﷺ) said not to fast if Sha’ban is half over. (Tirmidhi)
The exception to this would be someone who fasted regularly, such as the Prophet (ﷺ) and many of his companions. Thus, if you are someone who regularly observes the sunnah fast, then you may still observe them in the second half of Sha’ban. It is also permissible to make up a Ramadan fast at this time, if necessary, as Aisha (RA), one of the wives of the Prophet (ﷺ), herself said she would make up fasts in Shaban.
2. Recite the Quran
Ramadan is the month of the revelation of the Quran. Naturally, it is the month when we recite it the most. Thus, to help us get ready and see the best results in Ramadan, we should start the habit of reciting it more, starting from Shaban.
Salamah ibn Kuhayl (RA) said, “It was said that Sha’ban was the month of the Quran readers.” (Lataiful Ma’arif)
3. Make Lots of Duas
Apart from obligatory prayers and observing fasting in Shaban, reciting different duas, tasbeeh, and staying engaged in remembrance of Allah (SWT) is also a good way of making the most of this month.
Here are some duas you can say to seek forgiveness and blessings from Allah (SWT).
“O Allah (SWT), I seek refuge in Your pleasure from Your anger and in Your forgiveness from Your punishment. I seek refuge in You from You. I cannot praise You enough. You are as You have praised Yourself.”
“Our Lord! Take us not to task if we forget or fall into error”
Qur’an 2:286
4. Perform Voluntary Prayers
To make it easier to do more voluntary prayers in Ramadan, start the practice of praying Tahajjud from Shaban. It will help you get used to the Ramadan schedule quicker and also bring you many rewards.
5. Start Preparing Money for Ramadan
The Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) was the most generous in giving charity (Zakat and Sadaqah) during Ramadan. To prepare for giving in Ramadan, we should start getting ready in Shaban, including finding Zakat calculations.
Like other forms of Ibadah, charity in Shaban is also an act of worship as you show kindness to others. For every good deed, specifically charity during Shaban, you can gain blessings in abundance.
Shaban: A Pathway to Blessings and Rewards
The Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) said, “(Shaban) is a month to which people do not pay much attention, between Rajab and Ramadan. It is a month in which the deeds are taken up to the Lord of the worlds, and I like that my deeds be taken up when I am fasting.” (An-Nasa’i).
With this in mind, it is important not to neglect this blessed time. To make the most of it by increasing worshipping, observing fasting, reciting Quran and duas, and engaging in charitable activities.
Thus, it will be a month that not only strengthens your bond with Allah (SWT), but also helps you prepare for the sacred month of Ramadan.
Your Zakat Heals Our Ummah
Make the most of Shaban by preparing for Ramadan. Give the gift of happiness and hope to our brothers and sisters in need with Islamic Relief.
In Islam, words hold great power. Whether it’s greeting one another, expressing gratitude, or making Du’a (supplication), the Islamic phrases we use every day reflect our faith and connection to Allah (SWT).
The Qur’an and Sunnah encourage us to embody kindness and compassion to others. To use our words and deeds to spread goodness.
“Do you not see how Allah compares a good word to a good tree? Its root is firm and its branches reach the sky, ˹always˺ yielding its fruit in every season by the Will of its Lord. This is how Allah sets forth parables for the people, so perhaps they will be mindful.”
Likewise, Abu Huraira narrated that the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) said:
“Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, should not hurt his neighbor and whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, should serve his guest generously and whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, should speak what is good or keep silent.”
Here, you’ll find a guide to common Islamic phrases and when to say them.
Whether you’re looking to deepen your understanding or simply incorporate them into daily life, this resource will help guide you through the key phrases we say often.
List of Key Islamic Phrases and Their Meanings
ISLAMIC PHRASE
ARABIC
ENGLISH TRANSLATION
WHEN TO SAY IT
La ilaha illa Allah (muhammadur rasool allah)
لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا ٱلله (مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ ٱلله)
There is none worthy of worship except Allah (and Muhammad (ﷺ) is the messenger of God).
Part of the Shahada, the fundamental declaration of faith in Islam. This phrase is often recited to affirm faith and during Dhikr (remembrance).
As-salamu alaykum
اَلسَلامُ عَلَيْكُم
Peace be upon you.
Muslims use this phrase as a greeting when first seeing one another. It is a way of offering peace and blessings upon someone. We also use a longer variation of this phrase to end our five daily Salahs.
Wa-ʿalaykumu salam
وَعَلَيْكُمُ ٱلسَّلَام
And peace be upon you.
This is the response to “Assalamu Alaikum”, returning the greeting and peace. It is a form of respect and kindness.
Insha’Allah
إِنْ شَاءَ الله
If Allah wills it.
We use this phrase when speaking about future events or plans, acknowledging that everything happens according to Allah’s will.
Alhamdulillah
ٱلْحَمْدُ لِله
All praise is due to Allah.
Muslims say this to express gratitude, contentment, or relief. It can be used in response to good news or after completing something successfully. It also serves as a form of Dhikr.
Masha’Allah
مَا شَاءَ الله
What Allah has willed has happened.
This phrase is used to express admiration or appreciation for something good while acknowledging that it is by Allah’s will. It also serves as a way to prevent envy.
Allahumma Barik
اللّهُـمَّ بارِكْ
Oh Allah bless him/her.
A supplication asking Allah to bless something or someone. Often said when complimenting others to avoid envy.
In the Islamic (Hijri) Calendar, certain days are more virtuous than others. One such day is the 10th of Muharram, the Day of Ashura, which falls in the first month of the Hijri year.
Last year, the Day of Ashura fell on July 16, 2024. This year, Ashura 2025 is projected to occur on July 5, 2025. This is subject to change depending on the sighting of the moon.
What is the Day of Ashura?
“Ashura” comes from the word “Asharah”, which means ten in Arabic. Fittingly, it falls on the 10th of Muharram.
The Day of Ashura commemorates various significant historical events. This includes the day when Allah (SWT) saved Prophet Musa (AS) and his people from the tyranny of Pharaoh (Fir’aun) in Egypt.
Ashura is also a solemn occasion. It marks the martyrdom of Imam Husayn (AS) (also referred to as Imam Hussein ibn Ali), the grandson of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ), along with his family members and companions, in the Battle of Karbala in 680 CE.
The Historical Significance of the Day of Ashura
The Battle of Karbala
The Battle of Karbala took place in Iraq in Muharram, 61 AH. It was fought between a small army consisting of the family and companions of Imam Husayn (AS). As well as a much larger army sent by Yazid ibn Muawiyah, the Umayyad Caliph at that time.
The battle took place because Imam Husayn (AS) refused to pledge allegiance to Yazid ibn Muawiyah. Yazid was tyrannical and had taken it upon himself to assume the Muslim leadership after the death of his father.
On the 10th of Muharram, Imam Husayn (AS) and 72 of his companions were brutally martyred by the enemy camp. Imam Husayn (AS) was brutally decapitated, and many of the others lost were male relatives of the Prophet (ﷺ). They nobly sacrificed their lives as a stand against oppression and to preserve Islam.
As one of his beloved grandsons, Imam Husayn (AS) was very close to the Prophet (ﷺ). He would climb on his back during prayer as a child. His significant position in Islam is highlighted in the following Hadith:
“Husayn is from me, and I am from Husayn. Allah loves whoever loves Husayn.”
On the Day of Ashura in the time of Prophet Musa (AS), Allah saved the Prophet and his people (Bani Isra’il) from the tyrannical Pharaoh (Fir’aun) and his army.
The Pharaoh was extremely violent and corrupt in his rule. He spread blasphemy as he declared himself as God. The Prophet Musa (AS) refused to follow the Pharaoh and tried to encourage him to worship Allah (SWT). However, the Pharaoh would not accept that there was a power higher than himself. Fuelled by rage and arrogance, he sent a large army to destroy the Prophet and his followers.
As the army chased Prophet Musa (AS) and his followers, he made the following famous Dua, as mentioned in Surah Ash-Shu’ara:
“Truly my Lord is with me, He will guide me through.”
As a result of his patience and firm faith, Allah (SWT) parted the Red Sea so that Prophet Musa (AS) and his followers could reach safety. He then sent a punishment to the Pharaoh and his army. This allowed the waves to crash upon them and submerge them into the sea.
As Allah (SWT) says in the Qur’an:
Then We inspired to Moses, “Strike with your staff the sea,” and it parted, and each portion was like a great towering mountain. And We drew forward the others [i.e., the pursuers]. And We saved Moses and those with him, all together. Then We drowned the others. Indeed in that is a sign, but most of them were not to be believers. And indeed, your Lord – He is the Exalted in Might, the Merciful.
The Day of Ashura was also significant in the time of other prophets. For example, in the time of Prophet Nuh (AS), some narrations say that on the day of Ashura, Allah (SWT) returned his ark to dry land after the flooding stopped. It was a day of relief and celebration for the Prophet and his devoted companions.
Some narrations also say that Ashura was the day that Prophet Adam (AS) repented and was forgiven by Allah (SWT) after eating the forbidden fruit. Others say it was the day Prophet Yunus (AS) was released from the belly of the whale and Allah (SWT) forgave his people.
Virtues of Ashura
Ashura is a virtuous day when the rewards of good deeds are multiplied. Some recommended actions include reading the Qur’an, doing nafl (voluntary) prayers, and making Dhikr.
Two deeds, in particular, are mentioned in ahadith to especially perform on Ashura. These are fasting and giving charity.
Fasting on the Day of Ashura
The tradition of fasting on the Day of Ashura began when Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) observed the Jewish people fasting on this day to commemorate their deliverance.
He (ﷺ) said: “We are closer to Musa than you are,” referring to the Jewish people, and advised Muslims to fast on ‘Ashura’. (Sahih Al-Bukhari)
The Prophet (ﷺ) also made fasting on Ashura a priority. As mentioned in this Hadith, where one of his companions, Ibn ‘Abbas, said,
I never saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) so keen to fast any day and give it priority over any other than this day, the day of ‘Ashura’, and this month, meaning Ramadan.
Sahih al-Bukhari
Fasting also on Ashura is also an opportunity to earn more rewards from Allah (SWT). When asked about fasting on this day, the Prophet (ﷺ) said, “It expiates [wipes out the minor sins of] the past year.” (Sahih Muslim)
Prophet (ﷺ) on fasting the day before Ashura
Scholars recommended to fast on the 9th of Muharram along with the 10th of Muharram (‘Ashura). This is due to the Hadith:
When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) fasted on the day of ‘Ashura and told the people to fast, they said, “O Messenger of Allah, this is a day that is venerated by the Jews and Christians.” The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “Next year, if Allah wills, we will fast on the ninth day.” But by the time the following year came, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had passed away.
Sahih Muslim
The Prophet (ﷺ) wanted to fast on the 9th, to differ from the People of the Book. If one misses the 9th, some scholars also recommend fasting on the 11th of Muharram. Fasting on the day after Ashura could also be done to ensure one catches the 10th of Muharram, as it depends on the moon sighting.
Therefore, it is virtuous to fast:
Just the Day of Ashura
or to fast the 9th and 10th,
or to fast the 10th and 11th.
Some scholars would even fast the 9th, 10th and 11th of Muharram.
Any one of these options is recommended.
Giving Charity on the Day of Ashura
As well as fasting on the Day of Ashura, giving charity is another beneficial deed you can do to earn great rewards on the blessed day. Prophet Muhammed (ﷺ) said,
‘One who generously spends on his family on the Day of Ashura, Allah (SWT) will be generous on him for the entire year.
Baihaqi
They are many ways to give charity, including paying Zakat if you haven’t done so this (hawl) year. You can give Sadaqah to help those in need across the world, as well as spend money on your family.
You can also give Zakat or Sadaqah through organisations such as Islamic Relief. These funds then gets distributed to our Muslim brothers and sisters suffering across the world, helping them work towards a brighter future.
All in all, it’s important to make the most the Day of Ashura. As a blessed time with great opportunities for rewards from Allah (SWT), take this day to engage in more acts of worship and reflect on the significant events that took place on the day.
Make the most of the Day of Ashura
Give and change the lives of the most needy and vulnerable of our Ummah on one of the most blessed of days.
Muharram is the first month of the Islamic calendar. It marks the start of the Islamic New Year.
Beyond being the start of another Hijri year, Muharram is also a sacred month. One with great opportunities to increase our rewards. So how do we make the most of it?
What is Muharram?
In Arabic, “Muharram” means “forbidden”. This refers to it being one of the four sacred months in which warfare is forbidden. In Surah At-Tawbah, it says:
“Indeed, the number of months with Allah is twelve [lunar] months in the register of Allah [from] the day He created the heavens and the earth; of these, four are sacred. That is the correct religion, so do not wrong yourselves during them. And fight against the disbelievers collectively as they fight against you collectively. And know that Allah is with the righteous [who fear Him].”
The four months are mentioned by name in this hadith, where the Prophet (ﷺ) said:
“…The year is of twelve months, out of which four months are sacred: Three are in subsequent Dhul Qadah, Dhul Hijjah and Muharram, and (the fourth is) Rajab of (the tribe of) Mudar which comes between Jumada Al-Thani and Sha’ban.”
As such, in these months, Muslims are encouraged to engage in increased worship, for the rewards for good deeds are multiplied.
When is Muharram 2025?
Muharram is the first month of the Islamic (Hijri) calendar. Based on a lunar cycle, the sighting of a new moon determines the start of a new Islamic month.
Last year, Muharram 2024 began on Sunday, 7th July 2024. In 2025, the first Islamic month begins on the evening of Thursday, 26th June 2025, depending on the sighting of the moon.
Key dates in Muharram
There are 12 months in the Islamic calendar, but we tend to know more about some months than we do about others.
While everybody knows that we fast in Ramadan and about the sacrifice of Dhul Hijjah, Muharram is a bit less well-known.
However, its religious and historical significance is extensive, as many important events have occurred in this month.
1st Muharram
The 1st Muharram marks the beginning of the new Islamic Year. This lunar calendar (also called the Hijri calendar) starts from the hijrah (emigration) of the Muslims to Medina and the establishment of the first Islamic state in 622CE.
There are no prescribed acts of worship for Muslims to observe on the 1st of Muharram. However, as the beginning of a sacred month, Muslims may use it as a time to renew their intentions to do good for the year ahead.
It can also be a day to reflect on the journey and struggle of our beloved Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) and his Sahabah (companions), and other Prophets throughout history as several significant historical events occurred during this month.
The Day of Ashura
The Day of Ashura falls on the 10th of Muharram. It is one of the most virtuous days of the Islamic year.
One of the reasons for its significance is the many events in Islamic history that take place on this day.
The Battle of Karbala
The battle of Karbala (680CE/61 AH) that occurred on Ashura marks a conflict of many great tragedies.
It was fought between a small army of the supporters and family of the Prophet (ﷺ) and the army of Yazid, the Umayyad Caliph who had a significantly larger army. There, the martyrdom of Husayn (AS) (also referred to as Imam Hussain ibn Ali), one of the Prophet (ﷺ)’s grandsons, took place.
In a hadith, the Prophet (ﷺ) once said:
“Husayn is from me, and I am from Husayn. Allah loves anyone who loves al-Hasan and al-Husayn. They are two of my distinguished descendants.”
Many of Prophet (ﷺ)’s family members and companions were also martyred during the battle. In their martyrdom, we reflect on these tragedies and their struggles in striving for the cause of God.
The Prophets (AS) and Ashura
The Day of Ashura also commemorates when Allah (SWT) freed the Prophet Musa (AS) and his people (Bani Isra’il) from the Pharaoh (Fir’aun) and his army.
Some narrations also mention significant events from other Prophets (may peace be upon them all).
On this day, Allah (SWT) returned Prophet Nuh (AS)’s arc to dry land after the flooding stopped.
For Prophet Adam (AS), it was the day he repented and was forgiven by Allah (SWT) after eating the forbidden fruit.
While, for Prophet Yunus (AS), it was the day Allah (SWT) released him from the belly of the whale and forgave his people.
As such, the Day of Ashura is a great day for reflection and increasing in good deeds – and one we should not miss out on!
What should we do in Muharram?
Muslims commemorate Muharram as one of the four sacred months. It also holds the title of ‘the month of Allah’, (shahr Allah al-Muharram شَهْرُ اللَّهِ الْمُحَرَّمُ) making it one of the most blessed months in the Islamic calendar. (Muslim)
Therefore, it is a good time for Muslims to engage in acts of worship. This includes reflecting, giving Sadaqah, increasing nafl (voluntary) prayers, reciting Qur’an, and fasting.
Fasting during Muharram
Muharram is one of the best Islamic months to fast in. Many ahadith report about the importance of fasting in Muharram, especially on the Day of Ashura.
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “…The best fast after the month of Ramadan is fasting in the month of Allah, al-Muharram.”
Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said, “I did not see the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, as eager to fast a day and preferring it over others except for this Day of Ashura and this month of Ramadan.”
The Prophet also recommended his people to fast on the day before Ashura (9th Muharram). This is due to the Hadith:
When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) fasted on the day of ‘Ashura and told the people to fast, they said, “O Messenger of Allah, this is a day that is venerated by the Jews and Christians.” The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “Next year, if Allah wills, we will fast on the ninth day.” But by the time the following year came, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had passed away.
Muslim
Thus, the Prophet (ﷺ) wanted Muslims to also fast on the 9th to differ from the People of the Book. If one misses the 9th, one can fast on the 10th and 11th of Muharram. However, it is also okay to only fast on the 10th, if one is unable to also fast the day after or before it.
Build a Muharram Action Plan
The sacred months offer us the opportunity to seek the mercy and favour of Allah (SWT). Thus, there is an opportunity to gain more rewards every day.
There are many simple virtues we can do to take advantage of the benefits of Muharram. This month, try to…
Fast: Keep a fast on the 9th and 10th Muharram (the Day of Ashura), or on the 10th and 11th Muharram. Fasting expiates sins.
Reflect: If you are unable to fast, reading the Qur’an or doing Dhikr can help you to feel the blessings of Muharram. Remember, any gathering for the sake of Allah SWT will also be filled with barakah and the Angels will join you.
Give: Muharram marks the beginning of the Islamic New Year, so it’s the perfect time to make resolutions and establish good habits like giving regular Sadaqah (charity), so that you can gain blessings all year round.
Make the most of Muharram
Give and change the lives of the most needy and vulnerable of our Ummah on one of the most blessed of months.
Each year, millions of Muslims from around the world travel to Makkah, Saudi Arabia, to perform Hajj.
The fifth pillar of Islam, Hajj is a sacred pilgrimage that must be performed by every Muslim at least once in their lifetime, so long as they are financially, physically and emotionally able to do so.
And [due] to Allah from the people is a pilgrimage to the House – for whoever is able to find thereto a way. But whoever disbelieves – then indeed, Allah is free from need of the worlds.
Qur’an 3:97
Hajj occurs during the holy month of Dhul Hijjah, the 12th month in the Islamic (Hijri) calendar. It falls between the 8th and 12th or 13th of Dhul Hijjah, depending on the sighting of the moon.
As the Hijri calendar is lunar (following the cycles of the moon), the corresponding date on our Gregorian calendars varies year by year. This year, Hajj 2025 is between Wednesday, June 4, 2025, and Monday, June 9, 2025.
For anyone preparing to go on the pilgrimage this year, it’s an incredibly exciting time. While it will certainly be a test of patience, with great spiritual, emotional, and physical challenges, it also offers an opportunity to cleanse oneself of their sins and draw closer to Allah (SWT).
As Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) said:
Whoever performs Hajj for the sake of Allah and does not utter any obscene speech or do any evil deed, will go back (free of sin) as his mother bore him.
Bukhari and Muslim
To help review our knowledge of Hajj and its rituals, this handy and comprehensive guide is here to explore the different aspects of the holy pilgrimage: from its origin to how to perform it.
The Story Of Hajj
The origin of Hajj dates back to the time of Prophet Ibrahim (AS). This was thousands of years before the time of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ).
Prophet Ibrahim (AS) built the Kaa’ba, the cubic-like structure in Masjid al-Haram. It is the qibla (direction) that Muslims pray towards and is known as Baitullah, or ‘the House of God’. It also plays an important part in the rituals of Hajj. However, it is not something that Muslims worship itself.
Because of Ibrahim (AS), Muslims are able to perform Hajj. A practice that remains the same as Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) and Sahabah (companions) did hundreds of years ago, during the month of Dhul Hijjah in 632CE (10AH).
Hajar, Isma’il (AS) And The Well Of Zamzam
During his prophethood, Ibrahim (AS) encountered several trials. Challenges that became lessons to mankind, teaching us about the importance of devotion to Allah (SWT), sacrifice, faith and more.
These trials include the test of Ibrahim’s (AS) willingness to sacrifice his son for the sake of Allah (SWT), which is why Muslims perform Qurban on Eid Al Adha. Allah (SWT) also tested Ibrahim by instructing him to leave his wife Hajar and son Isma’il (AS) alone in the desert of Makkah. This is the test that provides the basis for Hajj.
Entrusting in Allah (SWT)’s plan, Ibrahim (AS), Hajar and Isma’il (AS), carried through with the command and endured the trials ahead. When the little food and water that they had soon ran out, Isma’il (AS), an infant at the time, cried of thirst. Hajar, desperately searching for water, ran between the nearby hills of Safa and Marwah in the hope of spotting someone who could help them.
Unable to find help, Hajar returned and found Isma’il (AS) striking and scraping the ground with his leg in distress. Suddenly, a spring burst forth from the barren desert. By Allah (SWT)’s command, a source of water from deep within the earth (that is still in use today), provided Hajar and Isma’il (AS) with water. This is known as the well of Zam Zam.
The water source provided Hajar with a means of trade and livelihood. It enables her to exchange food and other provisions with passing nomads for water. Soon, the site became prosperous. And when Ibrahim (AS), with Allah (SWT)’s permission, returned to his family in the desert, he was amazed to see the miracles that had unfolded for them. These were the fruits of their faith in Allah (SWT).
The Construction Of The Kaa’ba
At the site of the well of Zam Zam, Allah (SWT) commanded Ibrahim (AS) to build the Kaa’ba. He (AS) and his son Isma’il (AS) worked together to build its small stone structure. It marked a space for the sacred gathering of Muslims – all those who believed in the one God, Allah (SWT).
The Inception of Hajj (The Sacred Pilgrimage)
As time passed, the site of the miracle well of ZamZam and the Kaa’bah gave way for Makkah to become a thriving and prosperous settlement. Ibrahim (AS) returned to the site each year to offer his pilgrimage to Allah (SWT). In turn, years later, when Isma’il (AS) was given his prophethood, he continued the tradition. Thus, began the inception of the Hajj.
However, during the thousands of years that would pass, this would change. The site that was built to commemorate the lessons of Ibrahim’s (AS) trial, the miracle of Allah (SWT) and most importantly the belief in one God was later taken over by pagan Arabs and the worship of idols and spirits. It grew into a city for trade and the worship of pagan gods. And the Kaa’ba eventually came to house these false gods.
Until, thousands of years later, when Muhammad (ﷺ) became a prophet and came with the commandment to restore the Kaa’ba to its original purpose. The last of Allah’s (SWT) messengers, he established Islam in the land for mankind. He (ﷺ) likewise resumed Hajj, performing the first official pilgrimage with his companions in 632 CE, re-establishing the traditions started by the Prophet Ibrahim (AS).
Hajj As We Know It Today
Today, each year, over 2.5 million Muslims worldwide, of every race, class, and culture, travel to Makkah in Dhul Hijjah. Where they stand equal before Allah (SWT) – one’s status, race, culture, and wealth are irrelevant –as they fulfil the rites of Hajj.
These days, Hajj pilgrims travel to Makkah by land, air and sea days and weeks prior to the pilgrimage period. If you’re travelling from Australia, you are likely to fly to Saudi Arabia, touching down in Jeddah or Medina. From there you will travel with your Hajj group to Makkah.
Some people save up money their entire lives to be able to perform Hajj, while others are fortunate enough to fulfil it more than once. Regardless, each Muslim are only required to perform Hajj once in his or her lifetime, and only after meeting the requirements.
Who Is Eligible To Perform Hajj?
Hajj forms one of the five pillars of Islam. The other five pillars include the Shahada (the declaration that “There is no god but God, and Muhammad is the Messenger of God”), Salah (Prayer), Zakat (Almsgiving) and Sawm (Fasting).
As a pillar of the faith, Hajj is a spiritual duty for all Muslims. However, there are still certain conditions Muslims need to meet for it to be obligatory for them to perform the sacred pilgrimage.
Firstly, one must be an adult. While children may go to Hajj, they are not required to. Secondly, one must be healthy. The very weak, sick, elderly, or otherwise physically incapable Muslims are exempt from having to perform the pilgrimage.
Thirdly, one must be financially able to perform Hajj. A person in debt is not obliged to perform Hajj until he has cleared it. However, if one is in debt, one may still perform Hajj as long as their creditor permits it, they have time to pay off the debt and performing Hajj does not affect their ability to pay it off.
When Do I Perform Hajj?
In the Islamic tradition, Muslims use the Hijri calendar which follows the cycle of the moon. This contrasts with the more commonly used Gregorian calendar, which calculates dates using the sun.
Hajj occurs each year between the 8th to 12th or 13th of Dhul Hijjah. However, the corresponding Gregorian dates differ year to year as the lunar calendar appears to shift forward approximately 11-12 days.
How Do I Perform Hajj?
There are three forms of Hajj: Tamattu, Ifraad and Qiran. In this guide, we will use the Tamattu, the form that the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) encouraged the Muslims to perform.
A Step-By-Step Guide To Performing Hajj
Preparation and Intention
Before you arrive at Makkah to begin Hajj, it’s important to make your intention (niyyah) within your heart. The intention must be to perform the Hajj for the sake of Allah (SWT) alone. It should not be done with the intention of being seen by others or for worldly gain. Only for a desire for good in the Hereafter.
Entering The State Of Ihram
Next, you’ll enter into the state of Ihram (ritual purity). The rules around the clothing of Ihram are extremely simple, yet strict and must be adhered to.
For men, this means wearing the designated white cloth. One piece should be wrapped around your shoulder and one around your waist. Ladies may wear any clothing of their choice but should ensure they observe the rules of Hijab. Face coverings, however, are not permitted. Fully covering shoes are also not permitted. Both women and men must wear sandals for footwear.
Whilst in the state of Ihram, we should also be particularly mindful of our behaviour and words. We should avoid smoking, engaging in sexual relations, swearing, shaving our hair, and cutting our nails. Fighting, arguing, hunting, killing, or unjustifiably breaking anything while in the state Ihram is also forbidden.
We must also not use scented products such as perfumes, moisturisers, makeup, or soaps. We, however, substitute them for unscented toiletries which are permissible to use.
Tip: Carry spare Ihram clothing if you can. Likewise, invest in a decent pair of trekking sandals. They tend to be the most comfortable and practical, given that you will be walking long distances on tarmac as well as gravel. Try and wear-in your sandals before you depart for Saudi so that you don’t break out in blisters or face discomfort once you’re there. Upon arriving in Makkah, get ready for the biggest spiritual journey of your life! First, you must perform your Umrah. This means doing the rites of Tawaf and Sa’i, as outlined in the next steps.
Tawaf x 7
Tawaf is one of the principal rites of the pilgrimage. It refers to walking in circles around the Kaa’bah in an anti-clockwise motion.
One Tawaf is made up of seven complete circuits. Each one starts and ends at the black stone, situated within the Kaa’bah.
In addition to your Tawaf, you can also offer voluntary prayers. To thank Allah (SWT) for arriving safely and mark the start of this incredibly special spiritual journey.
Safa and Marwa
After you’ve performed your Tawaf, you’ll then perform what’s known as Sa’i (walking and running between the two hills of Safa and Marwa).
You’ll begin the Sa’i on the hill of Safa and walk towards the hill of Marwa. You will eventually see the green marker, at which point you will run until the next green marker and continue walking until you reach Marwa. This completes one lap.
You will then return to Safa to complete your second lap. Your Sa’i is complete once you have performed a total of seven laps between the hills of Safa and Marwa.
This is an important ritual in memory of Prophet Ibrahim’s (AS) wife Hajar, and her struggle in the desert in search of water for her son Prophet Isma’il (AS). Sa’i symbolises the ongoing struggle that we encounter throughout our lives, as Hajar experienced herself.
Clip/Shave Hair (Umrah Ends)
Once Sa’i is complete, men will have their hair clipped or shaved, while women will clip their hair to the length of a fingertip. This marks the completion of your umrah, allowing you to leave Ihram, until the 8th of Dhul Hijjah.
Tip: Be very patient here. You’ll likely be tired from tawaf. You also might notice fellow pilgrims in a hurry to complete the Sa’i. Feel free to take your time. Take regular breaks, and drink Zam Zam water which is available between Safa and Marwa.
Resting and praying
Now that you’ve performed your Umrah, for the rest of this blessed month, you’ll stay in Makkah to complete your spiritual journey of Hajj, surrounded by your fellow Muslim sisters and brothers, SubhanAllah! Make sure to get plenty of rest and make the best use of your time by performing sincere acts of worship. Your Hajj will begin on the 8th of Dhul Hijjah.
Re-entering State of Ihram (Day 1/8th Dhul Hijjah)
Fulfilling your sacred obligation of Hajj will be the most spiritual period of your life Insha’Allah (God willing), filled with blessings and forgiveness from Allah (SWT)! The 8th day of Dhul Hijjah marks the beginning of the days of Hajj and the next stage of your spiritual journey. You’ll purify yourself and enter the state of Ihram once again.
Once you’re all set to enter the Ihram, you’ll begin reciting the following invocation called the Talbiyah:
Labbayka Allāhumma labbayk. Labbayk lā shareeka laka labbayk. Inna al-ḥamda, wa n-‘imata, Laka wal mulk. Lā shareeka lak.
“Here I am, O Allah, here I am, here I am. You have no partner, here I am. Verily all praise and blessings are Yours, and all sovereignty. You have no partner.”
You will then proceed with your Hajj group to the neighbourhood of Mina in Makkah, located roughly eight kilometres from the centre of Makkah.
Tip: Carry some essentials such as unscented sun cream, moisturiser, Vaseline and soap. Sun cream is particularly handy, especially if you have no hair as it is not permissible for men to cover their head or face whilst in Ihram. Vaseline is also particularly valuable for both women and men to protect against painful rashes that may occur as a result of constant walking. All of these are readily available in Saudi Arabia.
Arrive At Mina
Once you arrive in the tent city (neighbourhood) of Mina, you’ll settle into your allocated tent. Here you’ll pray Salah (obligatory prayers), including Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, ‘Isha and Fajr, shortening your four-unit prayers to two units each, without combining them, as stated in the Qu’ran.
You’ll spend the night and pray to Allah (SWT), reading the Qur’an and preparing for day two. It’s an important time for spiritual reflection and devotion, so try and make the most of this special night.
Tip: Be patient here, as space inside the tents can be very tight. You might find yourself very close to fellow pilgrims. The weather is also likely to be very hot, so remember to keep yourself hydrated. The Saudi authorities have installed cold water stations close to all tents, so familiarise yourself with your surroundings.
You may also notice that Hajj authority workers regularly stock up on complimentary cold drinks in cooler boxes next to your tent. They’re there for you to consume, so enjoy them to quench your thirst, but don’t forget the spiritual purpose of being there.
Day of ‘Arafah (Day 2/9th Dhul Hijjah)
After sunrise in Mina, you’ll then head to the plains of ‘Arafah, where you should be spending your time in contemplation and prayer. This includes reciting Istaghfar (asking for forgiveness) and making supplications – marking the Day of ‘Arafah when we ask Allah (SWT) for forgiveness for our sins.
Upon reaching the plains of Mount ‘Arafah, pilgrims observe shortened Dhuhr and Asr prayers combined (two Rakat instead of four). However, according to Abu Hanifa, the combining of Dhur and Asr is only valid if one prays behind the Imam in the Masjid. Therefore if one were to pray in the tent, then they should not combine both salah.
On this day, there will be a sermon delivered from Masjid al-Nimra on Mount ‘Arafah. Try to listen to the Khutbah (sermon) if possible. Your group may also facilitate an English translation of this sermon.
Tip: Don’t be tempted to exhaust your energy and trek up Mount ‘Arafah, also known as Jabal al-Rahmah, on this day. Jabal al-Rahmah is the hill from where the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ) delivered his sermon. There is no authentic source to suggest any benefit in trekking the hill itself or to undertake this climb as a religious ritual.
Importance of ‘Arafah
The day of ‘Arafah is one of the most important days for Muslims across the world. Allah (SWT) refers to the Day of ‘Arafah in Surah al-Maidah as the Day on which He perfected His religion, completed His favours upon His beloved Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) and approved Islam as a way of life!
The Prophet (ﷺ) also said:
“There is no day on which Allah frees people from the Fire more so than on the day of ‘Arafah. He comes close to those (people standing on ‘Arafah), and then He reveals before His Angels saying, ‘What are these people seeking.”
Muslim
So, be sure to stand on the plains of ‘Arafah and make lots of Du’a (supplication), focusing your energy on Allah (SWT), asking Him for forgiveness and blessings for you and your family. Don’t forget to include your friends, relatives, neighbours as well as the wider Ummah (community) in your Du’a on this special day.
Arrive in Muzdalifah
After sunset, you’ll depart ‘Arafah and head to Muzdalifah – an open plain between Mina and ‘Arafah. Once you reach Muzdalifah you’ll perform your Maghrib and ‘Isha Salah, one after the other, shortening the ‘Isha Salah to two Rakat.
As Abdullah ibn Umar (RA) narrates:
“The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) offered the Maghrib and ‘Isha prayers together at Muzdalifah with a separate Iqamah (second call to prayer) for each of them and did not offer any optional prayer in between them or after each of them.”
Sahih Bukhari
Afterwards, you can then spend the night in worship or resting. The Prophet (ﷺ) went to sleep until shortly before Fajr, choosing not to engage in night worship as he normally did. So, follow the Sunnah. Don’t be tempted to exhaust yourself but rest instead. You have a long day ahead of you!
While in Muzdalifah, you may also collect pebbles to perform Rami (the stoning of the devil) over the next three days. You can collect the pebbles from anywhere in Mina.
The size of the pebbles should be similar to the size of date stones/seeds. You will need a total of 49 pebbles. However, it is better to pick up 21 more pebbles as a precautionary measure. When you proceed to the phases of throwing the pebbles at the Jamarat (the stone pillars), you may miss the target, or some pebbles may fall from your hand. Therefore, it is better to have more than to be short.
Tip: At Muzdalifah, you will stay under the night sky. There are no tents or other accommodation facilities here. Although there are plenty of lights, it is still fairly dark. Try to stay near your group. It’s very easy to get lost among the thousands of pilgrims.
Toilets and Wudhu facilities are also available in Muzdalifah. We highly recommend you use the toilets and freshen up before you leave ‘Arafah. However, they will also likely be crowded so remember to be patient.
Rami and Hady (Day 3/10th Dhul Hijjah & start of Eid al-Adha)
The 10th of Dhul Hijjah is also called the Yawm al-Nahr, or the Day of Sacrifice (Qurbani).
After performing Fajr Salah you will depart Muzdalifah and go back towards Mina. Remember to continuously recite the Talbiyah.
On this day, Pilgrims perform the Hady (sacrificial animal) and also commence the first of three days “stoning of the devil” rite or Rami. Muslims around the world also offer Qurban (Qurbani or Udhiyah) during this time and begin the four-day festival of Eid al-Adha. We know this from this verse in the Qur’an:
“And when you are safe, then, whoever avails the advantage of the ‘Umrah along with the Hajj shall make an offering of whatever animal is available. However, any one who finds none shall fast for three days during Hajj, and for seven days when you return; thus they are ten in all. This is for him whose family folk are not residents of Al-Masjid-ul-Harām.”
Qur’an 2:196
Origin Of Rami (The Stoning Of The Devil)
The stoning of the Jamarat (also referred to as the ‘stoning of the devil’) is a ritual carried out by Hajj pilgrims whereby pebbles are thrown at three stone structures in Mina across three days.
The act of throwing stones at the Jamarat is known as Rami. The ritual of Rami is symbolic of the actions of Ibrahim (AS) when he was faced with the trial of having to sacrifice his son, Isma’il (AS) upon the commandment of Allah (SWT).
On the way to carry out the commandment, Iblis (Satan) repeatedly tried to tempt Ibrahim (AS) into disobeying Allah (SWT). As Ibrahim (AS) reached Jamarat al-Aqaba, Allah (SWT) ordered Angel Jibreel (AS) to instruct Ibrahim (AS) to throw seven stones at Iblis. He obliged, and Iblis fled immediately. The three Jamarat indicate the three places where Iblis tried to dissuade Ibrahim (AS) from obeying the command of Allah. However, the pillars do not contain Iblis, as many people are wrongly led to believe.
How To Perform The Rami (The Stoning Of The Devil)
On the 10th, 11th, and 12th day of Dhul Hijjah, you will perform Rami (the stoning of the devil). The size of the pebbles should be similar to the size of date stones or seeds. You will need a total of 49 pebbles.
You’ll need a certain number of pebbles for each of the three days. The breakdown is as follows:
7 pebbles for the 10th of Dhul Hijjah
21 pebbles for the 11th of Dhul Hijjah
21 pebbles for the 12th of Dhul Hijjah
Try to carry four small pouches per person for your pebbles. Coin bags are a good size and convenient to carry. Use the four pouches to group pebbles according to the breakdown above.
Once you reach the Jamarat, you will head to Jamarat al-Aqaba, the largest pillar. Here, you will throw the first seven pebbles at the concrete pillar. You will only pelt this one pillar on the first day.
Upon each throw, you’ll say the Takbir:
Allāhu ‘Akbar
اللهُ أَكْبَرُ
Allah is Greater
Tip: Don’t rush to perform the Rami. The Hajj authority will most likely allocate a set time for your group to go and perform Rami. They do this to minimise overcrowding and the risk to pilgrims.
Try not to get angry and throw your sandals or other valuable possessions at the pillars. Iblis is not contained within the pillar, so you’ll only lose your valuables and there is no benefit in doing so!
Qurbani and Eid al-Adha
The festival of Eid al-Adha, or the Feast of Sacrifice, is also celebrated by Muslims around the world not performing Hajj on the 10th Dhul Hijjah. By offering Qurbani (sacrifice), Muslims commemorate Prophet Ibrahim’s (AS) willingness to sacrifice his son Isma’il (AS) upon the commandment of Allah (SWT).
Shaving The Head (Day 4/11th Dhul Hijjah)
After offering the Hady, male pilgrims will shave or trim their hair, as the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) did. For women, they will trim their hair by the length of a fingertip.
Now you are allowed to leave the state of Ihram and wear comfortable clothing. You are also allowed to resume otherwise Halal activities forbidden during the state of Ihram, except for sexual intimacy. It is Sunnah to apply perfume as the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) smelt strongly of musk at this point.
Tip: Use disposable blades to shave each other’s head within your group. If that’s not possible, a number of barbers in Mina will shave your head for a price. Ensure that the barbers use new blades to avoid infection.
Tawaf al-Ifadha and Saai’ (Day 5/12th Dhul Hijjah)
You will now go to Makkah to perform Tawaf al-Ifadha and then another circuit of Sa’i as part of your Hajj rituals.
Tawaf al-Ifada and Sa’i are obligatory. You must perform the tawaf al-Ifadha and the Sa’i after the Rami, the Qurbani (sacrifice) and shaving (or trimming) of the head.
With the completion of the Tawaf and Sa’i, you are then allowed to relax and do everything that was lawful before entering the Ihram, including engaging in marital relations.
You will, however, return to your tents in Mina and continue with the remaining rituals of Hajj.
Tip: The Tawaf area will be extremely crowded during this time. Try to use the upper levels of the Haram or the roof. You might want to do this around midnight when it tends to be quieter.
The Second Day of Rami
On the 11th Dhul Hijjah, you will proceed to your second day of Rami (the stoning of the devil).
On this occasion, you pelt each of the three pillars in order. You will begin with Jamarah al-Ula (the small pillar), then Jamarah al-Wusta (the second/middle pillar) and finally, Jamarah al-Aqaba (the third/large pillar). You stop after the first and second Jamarat to make Du’a facing the qibla. Each one should be stoned with seven consecutive pebbles accompanied by the Takbir. Remember to take your spare pebbles with you in case you lose some!
Spend the night in Mina
Once your second Rami is completed, you will return to your camp in Mina and spend the rest of the day and night in worship, making the most of the remaining time you have.
The Third Day of Rami
On the afternoon of the 12th Dhul Hijjah, you’ll have your final batch of pebbles (21 pebbles) ready to repeat the same steps as the previous day.
Tawaf al-Wida (The Farewell Tawaf)
You now have only one step left to perform before completing Hajj. This is the farewell Tawaf – the last rite Muslims must perform.
This Tawaf is Wajib (obligatory) according to Hanafis, Shafi’is and Hanbalis but Sunnah according to Malikis. It must be performed before leaving the boundaries of the Haram. Omitting this Tawaf, without a valid reason, is not deemed lawful in Islam.
Ibn Abbas (RA) narrated:
“The people were ordered to perform the Tawaf al-Wida as the last thing before leaving (Makkah), except the menstruating women who were excused. “
Bukhari
For this Tawaf, you will complete seven laps of Tawaf. Then perform two Rakat of Salah and drink Zam Zam water. There is no Sa’i or shaving/trimming of the head after this Tawaf.
Hajj Mabrook! You’ve now completed your Hajj!
For those of us who are unable to travel and perform Hajj this year, don’t despair! The best ten days of the year are the 1st to the 10th of Dhul Hijjah.
These days are a second chance to earn the mercy and forgiveness of Allah (SWT) after Ramadan. We should use this blessed time to do more good deeds. These can be giving charity, connecting with the Qur’an, helping out within the community and more. It is also important to enhance our obligatory acts of worship by being mindful of our prayers and ensuring we pay our Zakat on time.
Our Prophet (ﷺ) also said:
There are no days that are greater before Allah or in which good deeds are more beloved to Him, than these ten days, so recite a great deal of Tahleel (saying of la illaaha illa Allah), Takbeer (saying of Allahu Akbar) and Tahmeed (Alhamdulillah) during them.
Ahmad
Thus, the first 10 days of Dhul Hijjah is an ideal time to make du’a for Allah (SWT) and remember Him as much as we can. It’s also highly recommended for us to fast during these ten, especially on the day of ‘Arafah, as “it will expiate the sins of the previous and upcoming years.” (Sahih Muslim).
Qurban (Qurbani, Udhiyah on Eid Al-Adha for non-travellers is Sunnah muakkadah (confirmed Sunnah) according to most scholars and Waajib (a religious duty) according to the Hanafis. If you can afford to offer the sacrifice, then you are encouraged to do so. This would be in remembrance of the struggle and dedication of Prophet Ibrahim (AS) to Allah (SWT). It also supports a struggling family, as a third of the sacrifice goes to the needy.
Regardless of whether or not you’ve been able to attend Hajj, the month of Dhul Hijjah holds countless blessings for Muslims around the world! So let us make the most of these best 10 days of Dhul Hijjah, and seek to achieve a similar reward as those going to Hajj during this most blessed time!
This Dhul Hijjah, Share Your Blessings
Help the world’s most vulnerable families enjoy their Eid when you give Qurban with Islamic Relief.
